ارزیابی کارایی اسانس آنغوزه تلخ Ferula pseudalliacea بر چهار گونه آفت انباری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

چکیده

این پژوهش با هدف بررسی پتانسیل حشره‌کشی اسانس گیاه آنغوزه تلخ Ferula pseudalliacea Rech. بر چهار گونه آفات مهم انباری غلات شامل سوسک کشیش Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) ، شپشه قرمز آرد Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) ، شپشه گندم  Sitophilus granarius (Linnaeus) و لارو شب‌پره آرد Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller)   انجام شد. آزمایش‌ها در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با پنج غلظت اسانس به همراه شاهد، در چهار تکرار و در شرایط کنترل‌شده دما، رطوبت نسبی و دوره نوری طراحی شد. سمیت تنفسی اسانس از طریق انجام آزمون‌های زیست‌سنجی و تحلیل داده‌ها با روش پروبیت به منظور تعیین آماره‌های مرگ‌ومیر (LC₅₀ و LC₉₀) در گونه‌های آفت مورد بررسی ارزیابی شد. مرگ‌ومیر حشرات با افزایش غلظت و طول مدت زمان در معرض قرارگیری به‌طور معنی‌داری افزایش یافت. مقادیر LC₅₀ نشان‌دهنده تفاوت قابل‌توجه در حساسیت گونه‌ها بود؛ بیشترین حساسیت در شپشه گندم و کمترین در شپشه آرد مشاهده شد. در بالاترین غلظت، درصد مرگ‌ومیر پس از 72 ساعت برای همه گونه‌ها بیش از 90 درصد بود. تجزیه‌وتحلیلGC/MS نشان داد که گاما-اودسمول و تاو-کادینول از ترکیبات غالب اسانس بودند. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهند اسانس F. pseudalliacea دارای فعالیت حشره‌کشی قابل توجهی علیه آفات انباری است و می‌تواند به‌عنوان گزینه‌ای طبیعی و سازگار با محیط‌زیست در مدیریت تلفیقی آفات به‌کار رود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the efficacy of Ferula pseudalliacea essential oil against four stored-product pest species

نویسندگان [English]

  • nushin Fatahi
  • Amin Sadeghi
  • M. Maroufpoor
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study aimed to evaluate the insecticidal potential of Ferula pseudalliacea Rech. essential oil against four major stored-grain pests including the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius), the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), the wheat weevil, Sitophilus granarius (Linnaeus), and Mediterranean flour moth larvae, Anagasta  kuehniella (Zeller). The experiments were structured in a completely randomized design that included five concentrations of essential oil along with a control, conducted in four replicates, all under regulated conditions of temperature, relative humidity, and photoperiod. Fumigant toxicity of the essential oil was assessed through bioassays, and the resulting data were analyzed using probit analysis to determine the mortality statistics (LC₅₀ and LC₉₀) for the target pest species. Insect mortality increased significantly with higher concentrations and longer exposure periods. LC₅₀ values indicated substantial differences in species susceptibility, with the highest sensitivity observed in T. confusum and the lowest in T. castaneum. At the highest concentration, mortality exceeded 90% for all species after 72 h. GC/MS analysis revealed that gamma-Eudesmol and tau-Cadinol represented the major constituents of the essential oil. The findings demonstrate that F. pseudalliacea essential oil possesses significant insecticidal activity against stored-grain pests and can serve as a natural and environmentally friendly option in integrated pest management programs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ferula pseudalliacea
  • fumigant toxicity
  • non-chemical control
  • stored pests
  • plant essential
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