بررسی اثر کشندگی جدایه‌های قارچ بیمارگر‌Metarhizium anisopliae روی پوره سن دوم شته فندق Myzocallis coryli

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

2 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

چکیده

بیشترین خسارت وارده به محصول فندق ناشی از آفات است. شته فندق Myzocallis coryli Goetze یکی از آفات مهم این محصول است. هدف از انجام این پژوهش استفاده از روش مهار زیستی بر پایه قارچ‌های بیمارگر حشرات در شرایط آزمایشگاهی و صحرایی بود. در این بررسی از چهار جدایه DEMI001، IRAN 715C­، M14 و V245 قارچ Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch) برای بررسی اثر کشندگی روی پوره سن دوم شته فندق M. coryli در شرایط آزمایشگاهی (1±25 درجه سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5±65 درصد و دوره نوری 16:8 ساعت تاریکی: روشنایی) و صحرایی (3±30 درجه سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 6±55 درصد و دوره نوری 14:10 ساعت (تاریکی: روشنایی)) استفاده شد. به­منظور ارزیابی سمیت چهار جدایه، از شاخص غلظت کشنده پنجاه ‌درصد جمعیت (LC50) با استفاده از برنامه پروبیت در نرم‌افزار SPSS v.21 استفاده شد. نتایج LC50 حاصل از تأثیر جدایه­‌های DEMI001، IRAN715C، M14 و V245 روی پوره سن دوم شته فندق در شرایط آزمایشگاه به­ترتیب 106×51/0، 106×3، 106×31/0 و 106×11/1 (اسپور در میلی‌لیتر) و در شرایط صحرایی 106×50/0، 106×81/1، ­­106×43/0 و 106×50/1 (اسپور در میلی­لیتر) به دست آمد. نتایج این بررسی نشان داد جدایه M14 روی پوره سن دوم فندق بسیار مؤثر بوده و هم­چنین، برای کنترل مرحله پورگی شته در شرایط صحرایی به غلظت بالاتری از سوسپانسیون قارچی در مقایسه با شرایط آزمایشگاهی نیاز است. در بررسی اثر تلفیقی جدایه­ها، اثر افزایشی و هم­افزایی مشاهده نشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The lethal effects of entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae isolets against 2nd nymphal stage of filbert aphid Myzocallis coryli

نویسندگان [English]

  • R. Aghazadeh 1
  • M. R. Zargaran 1
  • S. Aramideh 2
  • M. Razmi 2
1 Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
2 Department of Plan Protection, Faculty of Agriculture , Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
چکیده [English]

The greatest damage to hazelnut is due to its pests. Filbert aphid­ Myzocallis coryli is one of the important pests of this tree. In order to reduce the population of hazelnut aphids, which causes severe damage to this plant, the use of biological control method based on insect pathogenic fungi in laboratory and field conditions is purposed. In this study, the effects of four isolates DEMI001, IRAN 715C, M14, V245 of M. anisopliae were used and evaluated on the second instar nymphs in laboratory (25±1 °C, 65±5% relative humidity and photoperiod 16: 8 hours dark: light) and field conditions (30±3 °C, 55±6% relative humidity and photoperiod 14:10 dark hours: Ligh). In order to evaluate the effects of four isolates from the lethal concentration for 50% of the population (LC50) probit analyses program of SPSS-21 software was used. The LC50 value achieved from the effect of, IRAN 715C, DEMI001, M14 and V245 isolates on the second instar nymphs of the aphid in laboratory and field conditions were 5.­13­×107, 3.00­×106, 3­.­09­×107, 1.11­×106 (spores/ml) and 5.­03­×107, 1.81­×106, 0.43­×106, 1.5×106 (spores/ml), respectively. The results of this study showed that the isolate M14 is more effective on the second instar nymphs of this aphid. Also, for controlling the aphids’ nymphs in field conditions, a higher concentration of fungal suspension is required compared to experimental conditions. In evaluate interaction between two isolates additive or synergistic effect was not observed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Filbert aphid‌
  • Hazelnut
  • Entomopathogenic fungi
  • Biological control
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