ارزیابی مقاومت ارقام لوبیا به سفید‌بالک Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood در شرایط گلخانه‌ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، لرستان، ایران

2 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

3 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

چکیده

لوبیا (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) یک منبع مهم پروتئین در رژیم غذایی بشر می­باشد و سفید­بالک گلخانه، Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood (Hem., Aleyrodidae) یکی از آفات مهم محدود­کننده­ی تولید آن می­باشد. در این پژوهش، تأثیر هشت رقم لوبیا بر میزان ترکیبات ثانویه دفاعی گیاه لوبیا قبل و بعد از آلودگی به سفید­بالک گلخانه و همچنین تأثیر ارقام مختلف لوبیا در مراحل رشدی گیاه بر تراکم آفت در شرایط گلخانه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بر اساس نتایج به­دست­آمده، تأثیر ارقام لوبیا بر میزان ترکیبات ثانویه دفاعی قبل و بعد از آلودگی به سفید­بالک گلخانه معنی­دار بود. بیشترین میزان فنول، فلاونوئید و آنتوسیانین در ارقام P و Mutant و کمترین میزان این ترکیبات در رقم F مشاهده شد. همچنین، تأثیر ارقام مختلف لوبیا بر تراکم پوره سفید­بالک معنی­دار بود. بیشترین تراکم سفید بالک گلخانه در ارقام F و Smaller و کمترین تراکم در ارقام P و Mutant مشاهده شد. تأثیر مراحل رشدی گیاه بر تراکم آفت معنی­دار نبود، اما تأثیر متقابل ارقام و مراحل مختلف رشدی گیاه بر تراکم پوره سفید­بالک معنی­دار بود. بیشترین تراکم سفید­بالک گلخانه در رقم F در مرحله دو تا چهار برگی و کمترین تراکم آن در همین مرحله­ی رشدی در ارقام P و Mutant ثبت شد. بنابراین، ارقام P و Mutant به علت داشتن میزان ترکیبات ثانویه بیشتر و تراکم کمتر سفید­بالک گلخانه در گروه ارقام مقاوم و رقم F با ترکیبات دفاعی کمتر و تراکم بیشتر آفت به عنوان رقم حساس به سفید­بالک گلخانه شناسایی شد. بنابراین، استفاده از ارقام مقاوم در برنامه­های مدیریت تلفیقی سفید­بالک گلخانه می­تواند مفید باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of resistance of bean cultivars to greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood under greenhouse conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • T. Alizamani 1
  • A. Fazeli 2
  • M. Mirab-balou 3
1 Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Lorestan, Iran
2 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
3 Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
چکیده [English]

The bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important source of protein in the human diet, and the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood is one of the limiting factors of this product. In this study, the effect of eight cultivars of bean were investigated on the amount of secondary metabolites of plant before and after infection with greenhouse whitefly and also its effects in the plant growth stages on pest density. Results showed the effect of the bean cultivars on the amount of secondary compounds of plant before and after the infection of greenhouse whiteflies were significant. The highest values of phenol, flavonoid and anthocyanin were observed on P and Mutant cultivars and the lowest amounts of these compounds recorded on F cultivar. In addition, there were a significant difference on density of whitefly’s nymphs in different cultivars of bean. The highest density of nymphs observed in F and Smaller cultivars and the lowest density was observed in P and Mutant cultivars. Effect of different growth stages of plant was not significant on density of greenhouse whitefly, but the interaction of cultivars and different growth stages of plant were significant on density of nymphs. The highest density of nymphs was recorded on F cultivar in 2-4 leaf stage and the lowest density on the same growth stage in P and Mutant. Therefore, P and Mutant were identified as resistant cultivars and F as a sensitive cultivar. So, resistant cultivars can be used in integrated management programs of whitefly.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bean
  • resistance cultivar
  • secondary metabolites
  • Trialeurodes vaporariorum
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