تأثیر الگوهای کشت گلرنگ و نخود بر تنوع زیستی بندپایان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران،

2 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

3 گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

چکیده

تنوع زیستی نقش مهمی در پایداری سیستم­ های کشاورزی دارد. هدف این پژوهش ارزیابی تنوع زیستی چند راستهی مهم از بندپایان در الگوهای مختلف کشت گلرنگ و نخود بود. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل کشت خالص گلرنگ و نخود، سری­ های جایگزینی 4:4، 2:2، 1:1، 3:1 و 1:3 و سریهای افزایشی 20% و 40% نخود هرکدام در دو آرایش بینابین (I) و اطراف (II) ردیف های گلرنگ بودند. این پژوهش در شرایط مزرعه در دانشگاه کردستان طی سال زراعی 95-1394 در قالب طرح بلوک­ های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که الگوهای مختلف کشت اثر معنیداری بر تنوع زیستی راسته های بندپایان بر اساس شاخص­ های شانن- واینر و سیمپسون داشتند و حشرات بیشترین تعداد نمونهها (93%) را به خود اختصاص دادند. در مقایسه ی سری­ های مختلف کشت مخلوط، بیشترین و کمترین میزان تنوع زیستی به ترتیب به تیمارهای 1:3 و I20% تعلق داشت. به طور کلی تنوع زیستی راسته ­های بندپایان در بیشتر نسبت ­های کشت مخلوط در مقایسه با کشت خالص گلرنگ بالاتر بود، بنابراین انتخاب یک سیستم کشت مناسب می ­تواند عامل مؤثری در تعیین وضعیت جمعیت و تنوع زیستی بندپایان باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of cultivation patterns of safflower and chickpea on arthropod biodiversity

نویسندگان [English]

  • F. Salari 1
  • Sh. Khalesro 2
  • H. Ghobari 3
  • Gh. Heidari 2
1 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
2 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
3 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Biodiversity plays an important role in sustainability of agricultural systems. The purpose of this research was to evaluate biodiversity of some important arthropod orders in cultivation patterns of safflower and chickpea. Experimental treatments included of monoculture of safflower, monocultureof chickpea, replacement series consisted of 4:4, 2:2, 1:1, 3:1, 1:3 and additive series consisted of 20% and 40% chickpea in two situations of between (I) and around (II) of safflower rows. This research was conducted in field condition at Kurdistan University during 2015-2016 growing seasons. Experiment was conducted at randomized complete blocks design with three replications. Results showed that cultivation patterns had significant effect on arthropod order biodiversity based on Shannon-Weiner and inverse Simpson indexes. The most number (93%) of samples were insects. In comparison with different intercropping series, highest and lowest of biodiversity values belonged to 1:3 and 20%I, respectively. Arthropod biodiversity in most of intercropping ratios was higher than safflower monoculture. Finally, selection of suitable cropping system is an important factor in designation of arthropod population and biodiversity.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agroecology
  • Pitfall trap
  • Simpson index
  • Shannon-wiener index
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