تاثیر غلظت و مدت زمان تغذیه از ماده‏ی قندی بر مقاومت حشرات کامل زنبور پارازیتویید Bracon hebetor Say به سرما

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه گیاه‏پزشکی، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

چکیده

ذخیره ‏سازی در سرما یک روش رایج برای نگهداری طولانی‏ مدت زنبور پارازیتویید Bracon hebetor در انسکتاریوم‏ ها است. این پژوهش با هدف ارزیابی اثرات غلظت آب‏ عسل (در سه سطح 5، 20 و 40 درصد) و مدت زمان تغذیه (در سه سطح 24، 48 و 72 ساعت) بر مقاومت حشرات کامل این زنبور به سرما انجام شد. حشرات کامل زنبور بلافاصله پس از خروج از شفیره ‏ها جمع ‏آوری و پس از تغذیه با تیمار مورد نظر، به مدت 7 روز درون یخچال (دمای 1±5 درجه ‏ی سلسیوس) ذخیره‏‏سازی شدند و سپس، کیفیت آن‏ها با جمعیت شاهد (نگهداری شده در دمای 1±25 درجه‏ ی سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5±60 درصد و دوره ‏ی نوری 16 ساعت روشنایی به 8 ساعت تاریکی) مقایسه شد. با افزایش غلظت آب‏ عسل، طول عمر، زادآوری و قدرت پارازیتیسم زنبورهای ماده در جمعیت‏ شاهد، افزایش یافتند و در غلظت 40 درصد به بیش‏ترین مقدار خود رسیدند (به ترتیب، 4/1±8/17 روز، 1/12±3/230 عدد تخم/ زنبور ماده و6/8±3/140 عدد لارو میزبان/ زنبور ماده). غلظت ماده‏ ی قندی و مدت زمان تغذیه، کیفیت زنبورهای ذخیره ‏سازی شده در یخچال را نیز تحت تاثیر قرار دادند. تغذیه‏ی حشرات کامل زنبور از آب‏ عسل 40 درصد، باعث افزایش تحمل آن به سرما و بیش‏تر شدن طول عمر و زادآوری پس از سپری شدن دوران ذخیره‏ سازی شد. طول عمر، زادآوری و قدرت پارازیتیسم زنبورهای ماده ‏ای که پیش از ذخیره ‏سازی در یخچال به مدت 24 ساعت با آب عسل 40 درصد تغذیه شده بودند به ترتیب، 1/2±9/22 روز، 4/46±9/330 عدد تخم/ زنبور ماده و1/18±3/173 عدد لارو میزبان/ زنبور ماده اندازه‏ گیری شد که به طور معنی‏ داری از سایر تیمارها بیش‏تر بود. بنابراین، برای حفظ کیفیت حشرات کامل این زنبور، تغذیه ‏ی آن‏ها از این تیمار پیش از ذخیره‏سازی در یخچال توصیه می ‏شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of sugar concentration and feeding duration on the cold tolerance of Bracon hebetor Say adults

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Afshari
  • E. Nazari Fandokht
Department of Plant Protection, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Cold storage is a general technique to long-term preservation of wasp parasitoid, Bracon hebetor in insectaries. The aim of this study was to investigate effects of honey solution concentration (5, 20 and 40%) and feeding duration (24, 48 and 72 hours) on the biological and reproductive characteristics of this parasitoidin both cold-stored and not-stored conditions. Adult parasitoids collected immediately after emergence and stored inside a refrigerator (5±1˚C) for 7 days, and mortality, longevity, fecundity and parasitism ability were subsequently assessed. In unstored populations, parasitoid longevity, fecundity and parasitism ability increased by sugar concentration and reached to their peaks in 40% honey solution (17.8±1.4 days, 230.3±12.1 eggs/female and 140.3±8.6 host larvae/ female, respectively). Moreover, sugar concentration and feeding duration significantly affected cold stored parasitoids quality. Adults feeding on high concentration of honey solution (40%), increased significantly their cold tolerance and longevity and fecundity after cold storage. 24-hour feeding on 40% honey solution before cold storage was the best treatment to keep parasitoid quality during cold storage. In this case, female longevity, fecundity and parasitism ability were estimated 22.9±2.1 days, 330.9±46.4 eggs/female and 173.3±18.1 host larvae/female, respectively. In conclusion, it seems that feeding wasps with a 40% honey solution for 24 hours before cold storage could be recommended to increase cold tolerance of adult B. hebetor.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • biological control
  • Mass rearing
  • Parasitoid
  • Cold-storage

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تحقیقات آفات گیاهی
دوره 8، شماره 4
اسفند 1397
صفحه 55-69

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 22 اسفند 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 22 اسفند 1397

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