اثر کشندگی سه حشره‌کش شیمیایی و دو عصاره‌ گیاهی تجاری روی سن گندم Eurygaster integriceps Puton در مزرعه و آزمایشگاه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

سن گندم، Eurygaster integriceps Puton، مهم­ ترین آفت مزارع گندم و جو در ایران می­ باشد. در حال حاضر کنترل شیمیایی متداول­ ترین روش برای کنترل این آفت به شمار می­رود. در این پژوهش اثرات کشندگی سه حشره­ کش شیمیایی دلتامترین+تیاکلوپرید (با غلظت 1000 میلی­لیتر در هکتار)، لامبداسی­ هالوترین (با غلظت 75 میلی­لیتر در هکتار)، دلتامترین (با غلظت 300 میلی­لیتر در هکتار) و دو عصاره گیاهی تجاری پالیزین®و سیرینول® (با غلظت 1000 میلی­لیتردر هکتار) روی سن گندم در مزرعه و آزمایشگاه بررسی شد. آزمایش­ های مزرعه­ای در قالب طرح آزمایشی بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با 4 تکرار علیه سن­ مادر و پوره ­سن 3 طی سال­ های 1393 و1394 انجام گرفت.  نتایج دو سال بررسی نشان داد حشره­ کش­ های دلتامترین+ تیاکلوپرید و لامبداسی­ هالوترین به ­ترتیب با میانگین تلفات 100 و 1/90 درصد بیشترین کارایی را در کنترل حشرات بالغ داشتند. همچنین لامبداسی ­هالوترین و دلتامترین+ تیاکلوپرید به ترتیب با میانگین تلفات 100 و 38/96 درصد بیشترین تاثیر را روی پوره­های سن گندم داشتند. آزمایش­ های زیست سنجی نشان داد که دلتامترین و سیرینول® با LC50  معادل 35/1 و 2155 میکرولیتر ماده موثره بر لیتر به ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین کشندگی را داشتند. در هر دو بررسی، عصاره ­های گیاهی در مقایسه با حشره­ کش ­های شیمیایی خاصیت حشره­ کشی کمتری روی سن گندم نشان دادند. 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Lethal effect of three synthetic insecticides and two commerical botanical extracts on the Sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps Puton under the field and laboratory conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • P. Honarmand
  • G. Nouri
  • H. Rafiee -Dastjerdi
  • M. Hassanpour
  • S. A. A. Fathi
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricutural and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده [English]

The Sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps Puton, is the most important pests of wheat and barley fields in Iran. Currently chemical control is the most common control measure of this pest. In this study, the lethal effects of three synthetic compounds, deltamethrin+thiacloprid (1000 ml/ha), lambda-cyhalothrin (75 ml/ha), deltamethrin (300 ml/ha) were compared with two commerical botanical extracts, Palizin® SL 65% and Sirinol® (1000 ml/ha) under the field and laboratory conditions. In the field study, a complete randomized block design with 4 replications was used on 3rd nymphal stages and overwintering adults in 2014 and 2015. The results showed that deltamethrin+thiacloprid and lambda-cyhalothrin with 100 and 90.1% mortality rates on adults were most efficient insecticides, respectively. Also, lambda-cyhalothrin and deltamethrin+thiacloprid with 100 and 96.38% mortality rates were most efficient insecticides on nymphal stages of Sunn pest, respectively. Contact bioassay in the laboratory indicated that the insecticide deltamethrin with LC50 1.35 and Sirinol® with LC50 of 2155 micro liter per liter were the most and least effective insecticides, respectively. Studies in both field and laboratory showed that; botanical extracts had less lethal effect compared with synthetic insecticides on the Sunn pest. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Eurygaster integriceps
  • lethal effect
  • insecticides
  • botanical extracts
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