تاثیر پنبه تراریخته Bt بر ویژگی های زیستی سن شکارگر (Macrolophus pygmaeus Rambur (Hem.: Miridae

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان

2 دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران

3 پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران.

چکیده

یکی از مهم ­ترین پژوه ش­ها پیرامون گیاهان تراریخته مطالعه تاثیر این گیاهان روی بندپایان غیر هدف است. این گیاهان می­توانند اثرات مستقیم (کشندگی) و غیر مستقیم (از طریق گیاه­خوار) روی دشمنان طبیعی بگذارند. بنابراین در این پژوهش اثر تغذیه از گیاه پنبه Bt و طعمه (عسلک پنبه Bemisia tabaci Gennadius) پرورش یافته روی پنبه Bt، روی سن شکارگر Macrolophus pygmaeus Rambur مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. چهار رژیم غذایی شامل پنبه Bt+ پوره سن سوم عسلک پنبه (گروه یک)، پنبه شاهد+ پوره سن سوم عسلک پنبه (گروه دو)، پنبه Bt (گروه سه) و پنبه شاهد (گروه چهار) برای آزمایش­ ها استفاده شد. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده، پنبه Bt هم به صورت مستقیم و هم از طریق طعمه، اثر معنی­ داری بر طول دوره نشو و نمای پورگی و میزان تخم­ریزی داشت. طول دوره پورگی روی رژیم غذایی گروه اول، دوم، سوم و چهارم به ­ترتیب 32/0±85/19، 24/0±08/16 ، 45/0±42/29 و 23/0±11/23 روز به دست آمد. هم­چنین، میزان کل تخم­ های گذاشته شده در تیمار پنبه شاهد+ پوره عسلک پنبه به طور معنی ­داری بیشتر از سایر گروه­ ها بود، گرچه بین تیمار پنبه Bt و پنبه شاهد در تعداد تخم گذاشته شده تفاوت معنی­ داری مشاهده نشد. نتایج نشان داد که پنبه تراریخته این قابلیت را دارد که به طور مستقیم یا از طریق تاثیر بر شکار، باعث کاهش شایستگی سن شکارگر شود و در نتیجه در استفاده از گیاهان تراریخته به عنوان یکی از عوامل مدیریت تلفیقی آفات نیاز به دقت بیشتر و ارزیابی­های دقیق­ تر خواهد بود. 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Bt cotton on biological characteristics of Macrolophus pygmeus Rambur (Hem.: Miridae)

نویسندگان [English]

  • S. Azimi 1
  • S. Rahmani 2
  • A. Ashouri 3
1 Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
2 Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj
چکیده [English]

Study of the effects of genetically modified plants on non-target arthropods, is one of the most important research on transgenic plants safety. These plants are able to affect on natural enemies, directly and/or indirectly. So, in this study, the effect of feeding on Bt cotton and prey (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius) reared on Bt cotton was determined on predatory bug, Macrolophus pygmeus Rambur. Four diets including Bt-cotton + Bemisia tabaci (first group), non Bt-cotton + Bemisia tabaci (second group), Bt-cotton (third group), non Bt-cotton (forth group) were used in this experiment. The results showed that Bt-cotton significantly affected development time and fecundity of the predator. Developmental times of nymphs in the first, second, third and fourth groups were estimated to be 19.85±0.32, 16.08±0.24, 29.42±0.45 and 23.11±0.23 days, respectively. In addition, mean number of  eggs laid in the non Bt-cotton + Bemisia tabaci treatment were significantly more than other groups (32.778±0.97), although no significant differences were found on fecundity between Bt-cotton and non Bt-cotton treatments. According to the obtained results, the Bt-cotton potentially could have negative effect on the biological parameters of M. pygmeaus severely and applying transgenic plants as one of integrated pest management agent, needs still more experiments and attentions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Transgenic plant
  • Cry
  • Macrolophus pygmeaus
  • Bemisia tabaci
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