اثرات زیرکشنده حشره کش های فلونیکامید و ایمیداکلوپراید روی فراسنجه های جدول زندگی زنبور پارازیتوئید Diaeretiella rapae (Hym.: Braconidae)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 بخش تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی،مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجان‌غربی،سازمان تحقیقات،آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی،ارومیه، ایران

2 بخش تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی،مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجان شرقی،سازمان تحقیقات،آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی،تبریز، ایران

3 بخش تحقیقات رده بندی حشرات، موسسه تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

4 بخش تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی،مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجان‌غربی،سازمان تحقیقات،آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی،ارومیه، ایران

چکیده

شته مومی کلم، Brevicoryne brassicae (L.)، یکی از خسارتزاترین آفات کلزا است و زنبور پارازیتوئید Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh) به‌عنوان یکی از عوامل کلیدی کنترل زیستی آن در برنامه‌های مدیریت تلفیقی آفات (IPM) شناخته می‌شود. با توجه به اهمیت اثرات زیرکشنده آفت‌کش‌ها بر دشمنان طبیعی، پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی اثرات غلظت کشنده 25 درصد (LC25 ) فلونیکامید و ایمیداکلوپراید بر فراسنجه‌های جدول زندگی این زنبور انجام شد. آزمایش‌ها در شرایط کنترل‌شده آزمایشگاهی، به روش پاشش مستقیم بر حشرات روی دیسک‌های برگی انجام شد. داده‌ها با استفاده از روش جدول زندگی سن–مرحله دو جنسی تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. نتایج نشان داد هر دو حشره‌کش سبب افزایش طول دوره نابالغ، کاهش طول عمر حشرات کامل و کاهش باروری زنبور شدند. همچنین شاخص‌های جمعیتی شامل نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت (r)، نرخ متناهی افزایش جمعیت (λ)، نرخ خالص تولیدمثل (R0) و نرخ ناخالص تولیدمثل (GRR)  در هر دو تیمار نسبت به شاهد کاهش یافت، در حالی که میانگین طول یک نسل (T) افزایش پیدا کرد. ایمیداکلوپراید در مقایسه با فلونیکامید اثرات منفی شدیدتری بر بیشتر ویژگی‌های زیستی و جمعیتی زنبور داشت و کاهش بیشتری در زنده‌مانی، تولیدمثل و رشد جمعیت ایجاد کرد. به طور کلی، نتایج نشان داد که هرچند هر دو حشره‌کش دارای اثرات زیرکشنده بر این دشمن طبیعی هستند، فلونیکامید در مقایسه با ایمیداکلوپراید سازگاری بیشتری با برنامه‌های مدیریت تلفیقی آفات دارد. بنابراین، در صورت ضرورت استفاده از این ترکیبات، انتخاب آفت‌کش، زمان‌بندی مناسب کاربرد و توجه به فعالیت دشمنان طبیعی برای حفظ کارایی کنترل زیستی ضروری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Sublethal effects of flonicamid and imidacloprid insecticides on life table parameters of Diaeretiella rapae (Hym.: Braconidae)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Forouzan 1
  • Farnaz Seyyedi Sahebari 2
  • Hossein Lotfalizadeh 3
  • Azade Jarrahi 4
1 Plant Protection Research Department, West Azerbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Urmia, Iran
2 Plant Protection Research Department, East Azerbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Centre, AREEO, Tabriz, Iran
3 Department of Insect Taxonomy Research, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection (IRIPP), AREEO, Tehran, Iran
4 Plant Protection Research Department, West Azerbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Urmia, Iran
چکیده [English]

The cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae (L.), is one of the most destructive pests of canola and the parasitoid wasp Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh) is recognized as a key biological control agent in integrated pest management (IPM) programs. Considering the importance of the sublethal effects of insecticides on natural enemies, this study evaluated the effects of the LC25 concentrations of flonicamid and imidacloprid on the life table parameters of D. rapae. Experiments were conducted under controlled laboratory conditions using direct spraying on insects on leaf discs. Data were analyzed using the age-stage, two-sex life table approach. The results showed that both insecticides significantly prolonged the immature developmental period while reducing adult longevity and fecundity of the parasitoid. Additionally, both insecticide treatments exhibited significantly lower values for the intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ), net reproductive rate (R0), and gross reproductive rate (GRR) compared to the control, while the mean generation time (T) showed significant increase. In comparison toflonicamid, imidacloprid demonstrated significantly stronger negative impacts on most biological and demographic parameters, resulting in more substantial declines in survival, reproduction, and population growth. Overall, although both insecticides exhibited sublethal effects on this beneficial parasitoid, flonicamid was more compatible with integrated pest management programs compared to imidacloprid. Consequently, when the application of these insecticides is unavoidable, careful insecticide selection, appropriate application timing, and consideration of natural enemy activity are essential to preserve the effectiveness of biological control.
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کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Brevicoryne brassicae
  • integrated pest management
  • intrinsic rate of increase
  • Neonicotinoid

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تحقیقات آفات گیاهی
دوره 16، شماره 2
شهریور 1405
صفحه 31-47

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 07 تیر 1405
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 31 مرداد 1405
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 10 شهریور 1405

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