تأثیر جیره‌های مختلف غذایی بر ویژگی های زیستی سوسک زرد آرد، Tenebrio molitor (Col.: Tenebrionidae)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

2 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، واحد تاکستان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تاکستان، ایران

چکیده

سوسک زرد آرد (L.) Tenebrio molitor منبعی غنی از پروتئین برای خوراک دام، طیور وآبزیان می­ باشد. در این تحقیق تأثیر 10 جیره غذایی (شامل پسماند صنایع غذایی: ضایعات نان صنعتی، ماکارونی و بیسکوئیت و ضایعات کشتارگاه­ های صنعتی مرغ و ماهی) بر ویژگی ­های زیستی سوسک زرد آرد در شرایط آزمایشگاهی (دمای 2±25 درجه سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 10±65 درصد و 24 ساعت تاریکی) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. از مخلوط 85 درصد سبوس ‌گندم، پنج درصد مخمر ‌نان و 10 درصد هویج به‌عنوان جیره غذایی شاهد استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد استفاده از ضایعات صنایع غذایی وکشتارگاهی اثرات معنی‌داری بر شاخص ­های زیستی سوسک زرد آرد دارد. جیره‌های دارای مقادیر بالای ضایعات بیسکوئیت و پودر ضایعات ماهی موجب تلفات کامل لاروها می ­شوند. در حالی‌که جایگزینی پسماند پودر ماهی در مقادیر کم (5%) باعث بهبود معنی­دار برخی از پراسنجه­ ها مانند وزن لارو سن آخر ( 0.011 ±0.132 گرم) و زمان نشوونمای لاروی (4/44±61.84روز) نسبت به سایر تیمارها می­ شود؛ ولی میزان تخمگذاری کل (15/43±57/8تخم) را نسبت به جیره غذایی استاندارد (14/70±92/20تخم) به‌طور معنی‌داری کاهش می­دهد. گنجاندن محدود منابع مشتق‌شده از پروتئین حیوانی در جیره غذایی سوسک زرد آرد ممکن است برخی از ویژگی‌های رشدی این حشره را بهبود بخشد، اما افزودن بیش از حد برخی ضایعات کشتارگاهی و صنایع غذایی بیان‌شده می ­تواند تأثیر منفی بر زنده‌مانی و عملکرد تولیدمثلی آن داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of different diets on biological characteristics of Tenebrio molitor (Col.: Tenebrionidae)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hosein Ojaghi 1
  • Hamid reza Sarraf moayeri 1
  • Abbas Arbab 2
1 Department of plant protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
2 Department of plant protection, Tak. C., Islamic Azad University, Takestan, Iran
چکیده [English]

The mealworm, Tenebrio molitor L. is a rich source of protein for livestock, poultry, and aquatic animals. In this study, the effect of 10 diets (including food industry waste: industrial bread, pasta, and biscuit waste and waste from industrial poultry and fish slaughterhouses) on the biological characteristics of the mealworm was investigated under laboratory conditions (25 ± 2 °C, relative humidity 65 ± 5%, and 24 hours of darkness). A mixture of 85% wheat bran, 5% baker's yeast, and 10% carrots was used as the control diet. The results indicated that the utilization of food industry and slaughterhouse waste significantly affected the biological parameters of the yellow mealworm. Diets with high levels of biscuit waste and fish waste powder cause 100 % larval mortality. However, substituting fish waste with lower concentration (5%) notably enhanced certain parameters such as the weight of last larval instar (0.132±0.011 g) and larval development time (61.84±4.44 days) compared to other treatments. Conversely, this substitution led to a significant decrease in the total egg laying rate of adult insects (57.8±15.43 eggs) compared to the standard diet (94.20±14.70 eggs). While, a limited inclusion of animal protein-derived sources in the diet of yellow flour beetles may improve some of the growth characteristics of this insect, excessive addition of some of the waste slaughterhouse and food industry wastes can have a negative impact on its survival and reproductive performance

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Developmental time
  • diet
  • edible insects
  • fecundity
  • mortality
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