تاثیر کشت ردیفی کلزا با سیر در نسبت‌های ردیفی مختلف در کنترل شب‌پره پشت‌الماسی Plutella xylostella و عملکرد محصول

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشکده تغذیه و علوم غذایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

گیاهان دورکننده یا بازدارنده تغذیه‌ای آفات از اجزای موثر سیستم‌های کشت مخلوط برای کنترل آفات هستند. در این پژوهش، تأثیر کشت ردیفی کلزا (Brassica napus L.) (C) و سیر (Allium sativum L.) (G)  در سه نسبت ردیفی 6C:8G ،6C:4G و 6C:12G (اعداد نشانگر تعداد ردیف کشت هستند) بر تراکم شب‌پره پشت‌الماسی، Plutella xylostella (L.)، درصد گیاهان آلوده و عملکرد محصول در مقایسه با تک‌کشتی‌ کلزا طی فصل رشدی 1403 و 1404 بررسی شد. مقادیر پلی‌فنل کل در برگ‌های سبز گیاهان سیر در سه نسبت وزنی 4، 8 و 12 کیلوگرم به‌ترتیب مربوط به سیستم‌های کشت 6C:8G، 6C:4G و 6C:12G اندازه‌گیری شد. هر سه تیمار کشت ردیفی، به‌ویژه 6C:12G، منجر به کاهش معنی‌دار تعداد لاروها و شفیره‌های شب‌پره پشت‌الماسی در مقایسه با تک‌کشتی کلزا شدند. درصد گیاهان آلوده و برگ‌های آلوده در هر گیاه نیز در هر سه سیستم کشت ردیفی، به‌ویژه 6C:12G در مقایسه با تک‌کشتی کلزا به طور معنی‌داری کمتر بود. رگرسیون‌ خطی منفی و معنی‌داری بین مقدار پلی‌فنل کل در برگ‌های سیر و تعداد لاروها، شفیره‌ها، درصد گیاهان آلوده و درصد برگ‌های آلوده در هر گیاه به‌دست آمد (P<0.05). همچنین، نسبت برابری زمین(LER)  از 1/19 تا 1/42 به‌ترتیب در تیمارهای 6C:4G و 6C:12G متغیر بود. این یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که هر سه سیستم کشت ردیفی کلزا - سیر، به‌ویژه 6C:12G می‌تواند خسارت شب‌پره پشت‌الماسی را کاهش و عملکرد محصول را افزایش دهند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of intercropping canola and garlic at different row ratios on the control of Plutella xylostella and crop yield

نویسندگان [English]

  • Syed Ali Asghar Fathi 1
  • Simin Emdadi 2
1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
2 Food Sciences and Technology Department, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Plants that repel or inhibit pest feeding are effective components of mixed cropping systems for pest control. This study examined the effects of intercropping canola (Brassica napus L.) and garlic (Allium sativum L.) in three row ratios (6C:4G, 6C:8G, and 6C:12G) (numbers indicate the number of rows of crops) on the density of diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella L.), percentage of infested plants, and crop yield in comparison to canola monoculture during the 2024 and 2025 growing seasons. Total polyphenol content was measured in green garlic leaves at three weight ratios (4, 8, and 12 kg) corresponding to the 6C:4G, 6C:8G, and 6C:12G systems, respectively. All three intercropping treatments, particularly 6C:12G, resulted in a significant reduction in the number of diamondback moth larvae and pupae compared to canola monoculture. The percentage of infested plants and infested leaves per plant was also significantly lower in all intercropping systems, especially 6C:12G, compared with canola monoculture. A significant negative linear regression was obtained between total polyphenol content in garlic leaves and the number of larvae, pupae, percentage of infested plants, and percentage of infested leaves per plant (P<0.05). Also, the land equivalent ratio (LER) ranged from 1.19 to 1.42 in 6C:4G and 6C:12G, respectively. These findings indicate that all three canola-garlic intercropping systems, particularly 6C:12G, can reduce diamondback moth damage and increase crop yield.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Crop yield
  • damage
  • diamondback moth
  • intercropping
  • sustainable agriculture
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