استفاده تلفیقی از اسانس گیاه پونه Mentha longifolia و Beauveria bassiana برای مدیریت جمعیت Tribolium castaneum در شرایط آزمایشگاهی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

10.22124/iprj.2025.29979.1627

چکیده

در پژوهش حاضر، اثرات تلفیقی اسانس استخراج‌شده از گیاه پونه و اسپورهای بیماری‌زای جدایه OZ1 قارچ بیمارگر Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. در کاهش جمعیت شپشه قرمز آرد Tribolium castaneum (Herbst)، مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بیش‌ترین درصد تلفات حشرات بالغ شپشه قرمز آرد (5/82 درصد) در بالاترین غلظت مورد استفاده از اسانس پونه (67/26 میکرولیتر اسانس در لیتر هوا) مشاهده شد. غلظت لازم برای نابودی 50 درصد حشرات مورد مطالعه (LC50 برابر 26/15 میکرولیتر اسانس در لیتر هوا) برآورد شد. اسانس پونه قادر به حفظ اثرات کشندگی مطلوب خود تا حدود 20 روز بود. تیمار حشرات بالغ با غلظت‌های مختلف اسانس پونه (LC10، LC20، LC30 و LC40 ) روند افزایش جمعیت و تغذیه شپشه قرمز آرد را طی یک دوره سه ماهه با اختلال مواجه نمود. ارزیابی پتانسیل بیماری‌زایی قارچ بیمارگر B. bassiana نشان داد که حشرات بالغ پس از مواجهه با بالاترین غلظت مورد استفاده (108 کنیدی بر میلی‌لیتر)، تنها متحمل مرگ و میر حدود 6 درصدی شدند. در مرحله نهایی، اثرات تیمارهای تلفیقی شامل 1- استفاده هم‌زمان از غلظت‌های مختلف زیرکشنده اسانس (LC5، LC10، LC15، LC20 و LC25) و اسپورهای بیماری‌زای قارچ بیمارگر (غلظت 106 کنیدی بر میلی‌لیتر)، 2- تقدم استفاده از اسانس و 3- تقدم استفاده از قارچ بیمارگر، در ایجاد تلفات در جمعیت حشرات بالغ شپشه قرمز آرد مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده نشان داد که درصد تلفات حشرات بالغ شپشه قرمز آرد در تیمارهای تلفیقی کاربرد هم‌زمان اسانس و قارچ و تقدم استفاده از اسانس، به‌مراتب بیش‌تر بود. یافته‌های پژوهش حاضر اثرات هم‌افزایی تیمارهای تلفیقی را تأیید می­ کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Integrated application of Mentha longifolia essential oil and Beauveria bassiana for managing the population of Tribolium castaneum under laboratory conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Morteza Bagheri-Khanimani
  • Amin Sedaratian-Jahromi
  • Hojjatollah Mohammadi
  • Mostafa Haghani
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran
چکیده [English]

In the present study, integrated application of essential oil extracted from Mentha longifolia and entomopathogenic spores of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. Strain OZ1 to decrease the population of red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), was investigated. The highest mortality of adult insects of red flour beetle (82.5%) was observed at the highest concentration of M. longifolia (26.67 μL/L air). The estimated lethal concentration required to eliminate 50% of the tested insects was determined to be LC50: 15.26 μL/L air. The M. longifolia successfully preserved its toxic properties in a suitable form for a duration of 20 days. The application of various concentrations of M. longifolia essential oil (LC10, LC20, LC30, and LC40) to adult insects significantly altered the patterns of population growth and feeding behavior over a three-month duration. The pathogenicity of B. bassiana in adult beetles indicated that those subjected to the highest concentration tested (108 conidia/ml) experienced a mortality rate of merely 6%. The study examined the impacts of integrated treatments, which included: 1. The concurrent use of various sublethal concentrations of M. longifolia essential oil (LC5, LC10, LC15, LC20, and LC25) alongside B. bassiana at a concentration of 106 conidia/ml, 2. The prioritized application of M. longifolia essential oil, and 3. The precedence of the pathogenic fungus B. bassiana in inducing mortality among the adult population of T. castaneum. The obtained results revealed that the mortality rate of adult stage of red flour beetle was higher in the treatments involving simultaneous application of essential oil and pathogenic fungus and the priority for application of essential oil. The findings of the present study confirm the synergistic effects of integrated treatments.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Stored product pests
  • Essential oils
  • Entomopathogenic fungi
  • Integrated pest management
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