شاخص‌های تنوع زیستی کنه‌های بالاخانوادهRhodacaroidea (Acari: Mesostigmata) در محل انباشت زباله جنگل سراوان، شهرستان رشت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

10.22124/iprj.2025.29789.1623

چکیده

طی فصل‌های بهار تا پاییز سال 1400 شاخص‌های تنوع زیستی کنه‌های بالاخانواده Rhodacaroidea در محل انباشت زباله سراوان بررسی شد. شاخص‌های تنوع زیستی در سه منطقه با فواصل مختلف از محل انباشت زباله شامل منطفه نزدیک (مجاور محل انباشت زباله‌ها)، منطقه میانه (در فاصله 400 متر از محل انباشت زباله) و منطقه دور (در فاصله 600 متر از محل انباشت زباله) بررسی و مقایسه شدند. در این مطالعه در مجموع شش گونه از پنج جنس متعلق به سه خانواده از بالاخانواده Rhodacaroidea جمع‌آوری و شناسایی شدند. از میان گونه‌های جمع‌آوری‌شده گونه Gamasiphis pulchellus با فراوانی نسبی 45/48 درصد به‌عنوان گونه غالب شناسایی شد. بیش‌ترین مقدار شاخص تنوع شانون-وینر در منطقه دور طی فصل‌های تابستان و پاییز (به‌ترتیب 154/1و 141/1) ثبت شد. کم‌ترین مقدار شاخص تنوع شانون-وینر مربوط به منطقه نزدیک، طی فصل بهار (صفر) بود. بیش‌ترین مقدار شاخص غنای مارگالف نیز در منطقه دور در فصل‌های تابستان و پاییز (به‌ترتیب 954/0 و 944/0) بود. کم‌ترین مقدار شاخص غنای مارگالف مربوط به منطقه نزدیک در فصل بهار (صفر) بوده است. نتایج این بررسی نشان داد علاوه بر تاثیر احتمالی درجه آلودگی خاک منطقه به شیرابه‌های حاصل از پسماندهای زباله، فصل‌های مختلف نیز بر شاخص ­های تنوع زیستی کنه ­های بالاخانواده Rhodacaroidea اثر داشته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Biodiversity indexes of Rhodacaroidea (Acari: Mesostigmata) at the garbage dump in the Saravan forest, Rasht County

نویسندگان [English]

  • Leila Mohammadi
  • Jalil Hajizadeh
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
چکیده [English]

Biodiversity indices of rhodacaroid mites were studied at the Saravan dumpsite during the spring to autumn of 2021. Biodiversity indices were studied and compared across three distinct locations: near the garbage dump (adjacent), in the middle (400 meters away), and far (600 meters away) from the waste collection site. In this study, a total of six species from five genera belonging to three families of the superfamily Rhodadroidea were collected and identified. Among the collected species, Gamasiphis pulchellus was identified as the dominant species with a relative abundance of 48.45%. The highest value of the Shannon Weiner index corresponds to the far part in summer and autumn (1.154 and 1.141, respectively). The lowest value of the Shannon Weiner index corresponds to the near part in spring (0). The highest value of the species richness index was calculated in the part far from the polluted section in summer and autumn seasons (0.954 and 0.944, respectively). The lowest value of richness index was related to the part close to the polluted section in the spring season (0).  The results of this study indicated that, in addition to the possible impact of soil contamination levels in the area due to leachates from waste, different seasons also influence the biodiversity indices of mites of the superfamily Rhodacaroidea.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dominant species
  • edaphic mites
  • Guilan
  • soil pollution
Bagheri Kordeshami, A., Khajehali, J., & Nemati, A. (2015). Some edaphic mesostigmatic mites from Lordegan, Chaharmahal Bakhtiari province with their world distribution. Journal of Crop Protection, 4(4), 589-604. DOR: 20.1001.1.22519041.2015.4.4.12.0
Beaulieu, F., & Weeks, A. R. (2007). Free-living mesostigmatic mites in Australia: their roles in biological control and bioindication. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 47(4), 460-478.
Castilho, R. C., Venancio, R., & Narita, J. P. Z. (2015). Mesostigmata as Biological Control Agents, with Emphasis on Rhodacaroidea and Parasitoidea. In Carrillo, D., Moraes, G. J., and Peña, J. E. (Eds.). Prospects for Biological Control of Plant Feeding Mites and Other Harmful Organisms”. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 1-31. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15042-0_1
Castilho, R. C., Moraes, G. J. de, & Halliday, B. (2012). Catalogue of the mite family Rhodacaridae Oudemans, with notes on the classification of the Rhodacaridae (Acari: Mesostigmata). Zootaxa, 3471, 1-69. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3471.1.1
Elmoghazy, M., & Shawer, S. (2013). Relationship etween soil diversity and inhabitant mites (Acari). Acarines: Journal of the Egyptian Society of Acarology, 7, 41-45.
Ganjali, S., & Shayesteh, K. (2013). Environmental and strategic assessment of the largest unsanitary waste landfill in northern Iran (Saravan) using SWOT analysis. Environmental Research, 4(7), 83-92. (In Farsi)
Hajinejad, A., & Ziaei Halimeh Jani, A. (2015). Investigation of the improvement of the Rasht city landfill and its leachate management in order to reduce the pollution of Anzali Wetland. Ecohydrology, 2(1), 11-22. (In Farsi)
Jaccard, P. (1908). Nouvelles recherché sur la distribution florale”. Bulletin Society Vandoise Scientific Nature, 44, 223-70.
Ghobari, H., Nozari, J., Allahyari, H., & Kalashian, M. (2014). Investigation of species diversity of Buprestid beetles in forests of Kurdistan province. Iranian Journal of Plant Protection, 45(1), 101- 109. DOI: https://doi.org/109. 10.22059/IJPPS.2014.52252
Jørgenson, S. F., Costanza R., & Fuliu, X. U. (2005). Handbook of Ecological Indicators for Assessment of Ecosystem Health. CRC press, 233 pp.
Jung, C., Kim, J. W., Marquardt, T., & Kaczmarek, S. (2010). Species richness of soil gamasid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) in fire-damaged mountain sites. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology13(3), 233-237. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aspen.2010.04.001
Karg, W. (1993). Raubmilbenarten: Acari (Aacarina), Milben Parasitiformes (Anactinochaeta) Cohort Gamasina Leach. Tierwelt Deutsch. 59. Jena: Gustav Fixcher.
Karimpour-Fard. M. (2019). Rehabilitation of Saravan dumpsite in Rasht, Iran: Geotechnical characterization of municipal waste. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 16, 4419-4436. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-018-1847-z
Koehler, H. H. (1999). Predatory mites (Gamasina, Mesostigmata). Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 74, 395-410.
Lindquist, L., Krantz, G. W., & Walter, D. E. (2009). Order Mesostigmata. In Krantz, G. W. and Walter D. E. (Eds.). A manual of Acarology (third Ed.) Texas Tech University Press, Texas, USA. pp. 124-232.
Maleki, Sh., Estvan, H., Bani Ameri, V., & Joharchi, A. (2016). Biodiversity of mesostigmatic soil mite fauna (Acari: Mesostigmata) of a city park located in Tehran, Iran. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran, 36(3), 181-194. (In Farsi)
Manu, M., Onete, M., Florescu, L., Bodescu, F., & Iordache, V. (2017). Influence of heavy metal pollution on soil mite communities (Acari) in Romanian grasslands. North-Western Journal of Zoology, 13(2), 200-210.
Manu, M., Honciuc, V., Neagoe, A., Bǎncilǎ, R. L., lordache. V., & Onete, M. (2019). Soil mite communities (Acari: Mesostigmata, Oriatida) as bioindicators for environmental conditions from polluted soils. Scientific Reports, 9, 1-13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-56700-8
Mirab Balo, M., & Miri, B. (2019). A survey of diversity and frequency of oak thrips during different seasons in Eyvan County (Ilam province). Taxonomy and Biosystematics, 12(42), 83-92. (In Farsi). DOI: https://doi.org/10.22108/TBJ.2021.126226.1139
Palacios-Vargas J. G., Castanõ-Meneses, G., Gómez-Anaya, J. A., Martínez-Yrizar, A., Mejía-Recamier, B. E., & Martínez-Sánchez, J. (2007). Litter and soil arthropods diversity and density in a tropical dry forest ecosystem in Western Mexico. Biodiversity and Conservation, 16, 3703-3717. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-006-9109-7
Paoletti, M. G. (1999). Using bioindicators based on biodiversity to assess landscape sustainaility. In Invertebrate biodiversity as bioindicators of sustainable landscapes. Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Enviroment, 74, 1-18.
Perez-Velazquez, D., Castano-Meneses, A., Callejas-Chavero G. A., & Palacios-Vargas, J. (2011). Mesostigmatid mite (Acari: Mesostigmata) diversity and abundance in two sites in Pedregal de San Angel Ecological Reserve, Distrito Federal, Mexico. Zoosymposia, 6, 255-259. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.6.1.34
Seniczak, S., Klimek, A., & Kaczmarek, S. (1999). Soil mites (Acari) associated with meadows polluted by the Polchem chemical factory. Fifth Central European Workshop on Soil Zoology, Ceske Budejovice, p. 1-70.
Ramroodi, S., Hajizadeh, J., & Karimi-Malati, A. (2015). Fauna and biodiversity of edaphic laelapid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata: Laelapidae) in south of Guilan Province. Plant Pests Research, 5, 73-84.
Shariatmadari, N., Askari La, B., Nezhad, H. E., & Askari, B. (2016). Investigating the stress–strain and failure behavior of soils contaminated with urban solid waste leachate: A case study from the landfill area of Saravan, Rasht. International Journal of Civil Engineering, 14, 451-457. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40999-016-0051-0
Shariatmadari, N., Askari Lasaki, B., Eshghinezhad, H., & Alidoust P. (2018). Effects of landfill leachate on mechanical behaviour of adjacent soil: A case study of Sravan landfill, Rasht, Iran. International Journal of Civil Engineering, 16, 1503-1513. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40999-018-0311-2
Skubala, P., & Kafel, A. (2004). Oribatid mite communities and metal bioaccumulation in oribatid species (Acari, Oribatida) along the heavy metal gradient in forest ecosystems. Environmental Pollution, 132, 51-60. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2004.03.025
Wierzbicka, A., Dyderski, M. K., Kamczyc, J., Rączka, G., & Jagodziński, A. M. (2019). Responses of soil mite communities (Acari: Oribatida, Mesostigmata) to elemental composition of mosses and pine needles and long-term air pollution in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands. Science of the Total Environment, 691, 284-295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.138
Yasoori, M., & Emami, F. (2017). Measuring environmental sustainability in rural areas; A case study of Saravan rural district, Rasht city. Quarterly Journal of Village and Development, 20(3), 91-110. (In Farsi) DOI: https://doi.org/10.30490/RVT.2017.61255