بررسی میزان پارازیتیسم تخم ساقه‌خوارهای نیشکر توسط زنبور پارازیتویید Telenomus busseolae در مزارع تازه کشت و بازرویش

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه حشره‌شناسی و بیماری‌های گیاهی، دانشکده فناوری کشاورزی ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

زنبور پارازیتویید تخم Telenomus busseolae Gahan (Hym.: Platygastridae) مهمترین دشمن طبیعی ساقه‌خوارهای نیشکر در مناطق نیشکر کاری استان خوزستان می‌باشد. به منظور شناخت میزان پارازیتیسم زنبور پارازیتویید در مزارع تازه کشت در مقایسه با مزارع بازرویش مطالعه‌ای در کشت و صنعت امیرکبیر واقع در جنوب استان خوزستان انجام شد. در این بررسی تعداد شش مزرعه تازه کشت و شش مزرعه بازرویش اول از رقم تجاری CP69-1062 انتخاب و نسبت به نمونه­برداری ماهیانه دسته‌های تخم ساقه‌خوارهای نیشکر (Sesamia spp.) از فروردین ماه تا آبان ماه اقدام شد. نتایج حاصل نشان داد که سن مزرعه و زمان نمونه­برداری تاثیر معنی‌داری بر تعداد دسته‌های تخم ساقه‌خوارها و میزان پارازیتیسم آنها توسط زنبور دارند. در مزارع تازه کشت و بازرویش اول کمترین تعداد دسته تخم در هر مزرعه در فروردین و بیشترین تعداد دسته تخم در شهریور ماه مشاهده شد. در مزارع تازه کشت کمترین میزان پارازیتیسم (5/43 درصد) در تیر ماه و بیشترین میزان پارازیتیسم در فروردین ماه (4/84 درصد) مشاهده شد. در مزارع بازرویش اول کمترین میزان پارازیتیسم (8/38 درصد) در خرداد ماه مشاهده شد و سپس، تا 3/87 درصد در آبان ماه افزایش یافت. درصد خروج حشرات کامل تحت تاثیر سن مزرعه و زمان نمونه­برداری قرار نگرفت. نسبت جنسی نتاج زنبور در دو سن مورد بررسی اختلاف معنی­داری نداشت، ولی زمان نمونه­برداری تاثیر معنی‌داری بر نسبت جنسی نتاج داشت. نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش اطلاعات مفیدی را در زمینه نوسانات جمعیت زنبور پارازیتویید در مزارع تازه کشت و بازرویش در اختیار ما قرار می‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation on sugarcane borer egg parasitism by parasitoid wasp, Telenomus busseolae in plant and ratoon crops

نویسنده [English]

  • Arsalan Jamshidnia
Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The egg parasitoid wasp, Telenomus busseolae Gahan (Hym.: Platygastridae) is the most important natural enemy of sugarcane stem borers in sugarcane growing area of Khuzestan province. In order to know the parasitism rate of T. busseolae in plant crops compared with first ratoon crops an investigation was carried out in Amir-Kabir Agro-industry in southern Khuzestan. In this study six plant and six ratoon cane fields of commercial sugarcane cultivar, CP69-1062 was selected and sampling of sugarcane borers (Sesamia spp.) egg batches was made monthly from April to November. The results indicated that field age and sampling time has a significant effect on egg batch densities of sugarcane borers and parasitism of eggs by T. busseolae. The lowest egg batch density was observed in April and the highest was recorded in September both in plant crops and first ratoon crops. In plant crops the lowest egg parasitism rate (43.5 %) was observed in July, whereas the highest rate (84.4 %) was observed in April.  In the first ratoon crops the lowest rate of parasitism (38.8 %) was observed in June and then increased to 87.3 % in November. The percentage of adult emergence of T. busseolae was not significantly influenced by crop age and sampling time.There was no significant difference of progeny sex ratio in the two investigated crop ages, but sampling time significantly influenced on progeny sex ratio. The results of this study provide useful information on the population fluctuations of T. busseolae in plant and ratoon crops of sugarcane.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Adult emergence
  • egg parasitoid
  • sex ratio
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