فراسنجه های زیستی شب‌پره مینوز گوجه‌فرنگی، Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) روی ارقام مختلف گوجه‌فرنگی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، واحد مهاباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مهاباد، ایران

2 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

چکیده

شب‌پره‌ مینوز گوجه‌فرنگی،Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)  مهم‌ترین و مخرب‌ترین آفت گوجه‌فرنگی در آمریکای جنوبی و مرکزی، اروپا و ایران محسوب می‌شود که باعث خسارت سنگین در گلخانه‌ها و مزارع گوجه‌فرنگی شده است. در این پژوهش، ویژگی­های زیستی این آفت روی هفت رقم تجاری گوجه‌فرنگی Kimia Falat، CH Falat، Y Falat، Super Stone، Rio Grand، King Stone و Super 2270 داخل اتاقک رشد تنظیم­شده در دمای 2±25 درجه‌ سیلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 65±5 درصد و دوره‌ نوری 16:8 ساعت (روشنایی: تاریکی) مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. همچنین، خسارت این آفت روی ارقام مختلف بررسی شد. بیش‌ترین طول دوره‌ لاروی روی رقم King Stone (98/11 روز) و کم‌ترین‌ آن روی رقم Rio Grand (83/9 روز) به‌دست آمد. کم‌ترین (48/5 روز) و بیش‌ترین (53/8 روز) طول دروه‌ تخم‌ریزی به ترتیب روی ارقام King Stone و Rio Grand مشاهده شد. طول عمر افراد ماده از 83/7 روز روی رقم King Stone تا 54/11 روز روی رقم Rio Grand متغیر بود. کمترین نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت (r) (105/0 بر روز) روی رقم King Stone و بیش‌ترین مقدار آن (158/0 بر روز) روی رقم Rio Grand مشاهده شد. کم‌ترین مقادیر نرخ خالص تولید مثل (R0) و نرخ متناهی افزایش جمعیت (λ) روی رقم King Stone (به­ترتیب 54/25 نتاج و 110/1 بر روز) و بیش‌ترین مقدار این دو فراسنجه روی رقم Rio Grand (به­ترتیب 28/81 نتاج و 172/1 بر روز) ثبت شد. کم‌ترین تعداد دالان‌ها و درصد برگچه‌های آلوده روی رقم king Stone (به­ترتیب 25/19 و 33/19درصد) و بیش‌ترین مقدار این دو فراسنجه روی رقم Rio Grand (به­ترتیب 00/70 و 21/76 درصد) بود. براساس نتایج این پژوهش، رقم King Stone مقاوم­ترین رقم بوده و بنابراین می‌تواند در برنامه‌های مدیریت تلفیقی T. absoluta مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Biological parameters of tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) on different tomato cultivars

نویسندگان [English]

  • L. Khatami 1
  • A. Ghassemi-Kahrizeh 1
  • A. Hosseinzadeh 1
  • Sh. Aramideh 2
1 Department of Plant Protection, Mahabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahabad, Iran
2 Department of Plant Protection, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) is the most important and destructive tomato pest in South and Central America, Europe and Iran, which has caused severe damage to greenhouses and tomato fields. In this study, the biological characteristics of this pest were studied on seven commercial tomato cultivars including Kimia Falat, CH Falat, Y Falat, Super Stone, Rio Grand, King Stone and Super 2270 inside the growth chamber set at 25±2°C, 65±5% RH and 16L:8D h. Damage of this pest was also examined in different tomato cultivars. The highest larval period was obtained on King Stone cultivar (11.98 days) and the lowest on Rio Grand cultivar (9.83 days). The lowest (5.48 days) and the highest (8.54 days) oviposition periods were observed on King Stone and Rio Grand cultivars, respectively. Female lifespan ranged from 7.83 days on King Stone to 11.54 days on Rio Grand. The lowest intrinsic rate of increase (r) (0.105 day-1) was observed on King Stone cultivar and the highest (0.158 day-1) on Rio Grand cultivar. The lowest values ​​of net reproduction rate (R0) and finite population growth rate (λ) on were recorded King Stone cultivar (25.54 offspring and 1.110 day-1, respectively) and the highest values ​​of these two parameters on Rio Grand cultivar (81.28 offspring and 1.172 day-1, respectively). The lowest number of mines and also the lowest percentage of infected leaflets were on King Stone cultivar (19.25 and 19.33%, respectively) and the highest values ​​of these parameters on Rio Grand cultivar (70.00 and 76.21%, respectively). According to the results of this study, King Stone cultivar is the most resistant and therefore it can be used in integrated management programs of T. absoluta.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Demography
  • Life table
  • Resistant cultivars

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تحقیقات آفات گیاهی
دوره 11، شماره 4
اسفند 1400
صفحه 15-29

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 16 اسفند 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 16 اسفند 1400

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