تاثیر تیمارهای کودی مختلف بر چرخه‌ی زندگی و پارامترهای رشد جمعیت مگس مینوز سبزی و صیفی،Blanchard Liriomyza sativae، روی گیاه خیار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 گروه علوم گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مغان، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

مگس مینوز سبزی و صیفی،Blanchard  Liriomyza sativae، یکی از آفات مهم خیار به­ویژه در گلخانه­ها می­باشد. در تحقیق حاضر، اثر تیمارهای مختلف کودی شامل ورمی­کمپوست، اسید هیومیک، نیتروژن، مخلوط ورمی‌کمپوست-اسید هیومیک و مخلوط ورمی‌کمپوست-اسید هیومیک-نیتروژن بر ویژگی‌های زیستی مگس مینوز سبزی و صیفی و برخی شاخص­های رشدی گیاه خیار شامل ارتفاع بوته و کلروفیل برگ مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. آزمایش‌ها در اتاقک رشد و در دمای 2 ± 25 درجه‌ی ‌سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5 ± 65 درصد و دوره‌ی نوری 16 ساعت روشنایی و هشت ساعت تاریکی انجام گرفت. بر اساس نتایج به‌دست آمده، طول دوره‌ی نابالغ و طول عمر حشرات کامل در تیمارهای آزمایشی به‌طور معنی‌داری متفاوت بود. بیشترین طول دوره‌ی قبل از بلوغ در تیمار اسید هیومیک (36/3 روز) و کمترین طول این دوره در تیمار شاهد (13/3 روز) به دست آمد. هم‌چنین، کمترین طول عمر و طول چرخه‌ی زیستی حشرات کامل در تیمار اسید هیومیک (به ترتیب 57/6 و 37/27روز) و بیشترین مقدار آنها در تیمار نیتروژن (به ترتیب 14/11 و 29/30 روز) مشاهده شد. بیشترین مقدار نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت (r) (1640/0 بر روز) و نرخ خالص تولیدمثل (R0) (52/7 تخم/ماده) مگس مینوز سبزی و صیفی در تیمار نیتروژن و کمترین مقدار این پارامترها در تیمار اسید هیومیک (به ترتیب 0888/0 بر روز و 67/9 تخم/ماده) به دست آمد. نتایج تحقیق حاضر نشان داد که کاربرد اسید هیومیک می­تواند در مدیریت تلفیقی مگس مینوز سبزی و صیفی در کشت خیار مفید واقع شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of different fertilizer treatments on the life history of vegetable leafminer, Liriomyza sativae Blanchard, on cucumber

نویسندگان [English]

  • F. Afshari 1
  • J. Razmjou 1
  • L. Mottaghinia 1
  • H. Rafei Dastjerdi 1
  • A. Golizadeh 1
  • A. Ebadollahi 2
1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
2 Department of Plant Sciences, Moghan College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده [English]

Vegetable leafminer, Liriomyza sativae Blanchard, is one of the most important pests of cucumber, especially in greenhouses. In this study, effect of different fertilizer treatments, including vermicompost, humic acid, nitrogen, vermicompost-humic acid and vermicompost-humic acid-nitrogen mixture, were investigated on biological parameters of vegetable leafminer along with some growth indices of cucumber plant including plant height and chlorophyll content. The experiments were carried out in a growth chamber at 25 ± 2˚C, relative humidity of 65 ± 5 %, and a photoperiod of 16 L: 8 D. Based on the results, the duration of immature stages and longevity of adults were significantly different on the tested treatments. Duration of immature stages was highest on humic acid treatment (3.36 d) and lowest on control (3.13 ± 0.06). Furthermore, the lowest values of longevity and life span of adults were recorded on humic acid (6.57 and 27.21 d, respectively) and the highest values of these parameters were on nitrogen treatment (11.14 and 30.11 d, respectively). The tested treatments had significant effects on population growth parameters of the pest. The highest values of intrinsic rate of natural increase (r) and net reproductive rate (R0) of the vegetable leafminer were on nitrogen treatment (0.1640 d-1 and 52.70 offspring/female, respectively) and the lowest values of these parameters were on humic acid treatment (0.0888 d-1 and 9.67 offspring/female, respectively). The results of the present study showed that humic acid can be used in integrated management of the vegetable leafminer in cucumber growing area.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Leafminer
  • cucumber
  • vermocompost
  • humic acid
  • nitrogen
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