تاثیر پیوند بر پارامترهای رویشی گوجه‌فرنگی و القای مقاومت علیه شب‌پره مینوز گوجه‌فرنگی Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lep. : Gelechiidae)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی عصر (عج) رفسنجان، رفسنجان، ایران

2 گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی عصر (عج) رفسنجان، رفسنجان، ایران

چکیده

در این پژوهش، تاثیر پیوند گوجه‌فرنگی روی پایه بادمجان، بر پارامترهای رشدی گیاه گوجه‌فرنگی و پارامترهای زیستی شب‌پره مینوز گوجه‌فرنگی Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lep.: Gelechiidae) بررسی شد. برای بررسی باروری و زادآوری، یک جفت حشره بالغ با سن کمتر از 24 ساعت (نر و ماده) شب‌پره مینوز گوجه فرنگی روی هر یک از گیاهان (پیوندی و غیرپیوندی) مستقر شد. سپس، به منظور اندازه­­گیری دوره رشد جنینی، لاروی و شفیرگی، یک تخم (در 15 تکرار) روی هر گیاه تا زمان ظهور حشرات کامل گذاشته شد. 75 روز بعد از پیوند، پارامترهای رشدی گیاهان پیوندی شامل ارتفاع گیاه، تعداد گره و تعداد برگ نسبت به گیاهان غیرپیوندی دارای افزایش معنی­داری بودند. اما، سطح برگ در گیاه پیوندی کاهش یافت. همچنین، وزن تر و خشک ریشه در گیاهان پیوندی نسبت به گیاهان غیرپیوندی بیشتر بود. طول دوره رشدی لارو و شفیره در حشرات تغذیه کرده با گیاه پیوندی بیشتر از حشرات تغذیه کرده از گیاه غیر پیوندی بود. به­­علاوه، میانگین تعداد تخم­های حشرات کامل ماده شب‌پره مینوز گوجه­فرنگی، روی گیاهان پیوندی کمتر از گیاهان غیر­پیوندی بود. ،مقدار فنل کل در زمان‌های متفاوت (10، 20 و 30 روز) پس از آلودگی با شب‌پره مینوز گوجه‌فرنگی در گیاهان پیوندی نسبت به غیرپیوندی بالاتر بود. نتایج به­دست آمده در این تحقیق به روشنی نشان داد که پیوند گوجه‌فرنگی روی پایه‌ی بادمجان در بهبود رشد گیاه موثر بود و مقاومت آن را نسبت به آفت شب‌پره مینوز گوجه فرنگی افزایش داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of grafting on vegetative parameters of tomato and induction of resistance against Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lep.: Gelechiidae)

نویسندگان [English]

  • N. Shariatzadeh Mirhoseini 1
  • S. S. Shahidi Noghabi 1
  • H. R. Karimi 2
1 Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
2 Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this study, the effect of grafting of tomato on eggplant rootstock were investigated on growth indices of the tomato plant and biological parameters of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lep.: Gelechiidae). In order to evaluate of fertility and fecundity, a pair of adult insects (male and female) of T. absoluta, with less than 24 h age, were kept on each plant (grafted and non-grafted). Then, one egg (in 15 replications) was placed on each plant to measure the developmental period of embryonic, larval and papal stages until adult insect emergence. Seventy-five days after grafting, except the stem diameter, all growth indices of grafted plants including plant height, number of nodes and leaves were significantly higher than non-grafted plants. Also, weight of fresh and dry root of grafted plants were higher compare to non-grafted plants. Larval and pupal developmental period of T. absoluta fed on grafted plants were significantly higher than non-grafted plants. Besides, the mean fecundity of the adult female of T. absoluta was lower on grafted plants. Amount of total phenol content in different days after infestation with T. absoluta indicated a significant increase in grafted plant. Results of this research clearly showed that the grafting of tomato plants on eggplant rootstocks could be an effective approach for increasing of plant growth and subsequently its resistance to T. absoluta.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Grafting
  • tomato leaf miner
  • phenol
  • induced resistance
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