بررسی کارایی چند حشره کش شیمیایی و روش های تلفیقی در کنترل کرم ساقه خوار برنج (Chilo suppressalis (Walker) (Lep.: Crambidae در سیستم دوکشتی برنج

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاه پزشکی ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

2 موسسه تحقیقات برنج ایران، رشت، ایران

3 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

4 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

چکیده

در این مطالعه، فراوانی و زنده­مانی لاروهای زمستانگذران کرم ساقه­خوار برنج (Chilo suppressalis (Walker) (Lep.: Crambidae در مزارع تک­ کشتی و دوکشتی برنج موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور (آمل) در دو سال زراعی 1395 و 1396 مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که در هر دو سال و در طول تمام ماه­ های زمستان (آبان تا اسفند)، فراوانی لاروهای زمستانگذران در مزارع دوکشتی به میزان معنی­داری بیشتر از مزارع تک ­کشتی است. به­ علاوه، نشان داده شد که لاروها در مزارع دوکشتی متحمل مرگ و میر کمتری در مقایسه با مزارع تک­ کشتی می­ شوند. در ادامه، کارایی سه حشره ­کش دیازینون (در دو فرمولاسیون گرانول 10 درصد و امولسیون 60 درصد)، فیپرونیل (گرانول 2/0 درصد) و هگزافلومورون (امولسیون 10 درصد) به همراه یک روش تلفیقی با استفاده از روش ­های مکانیکی، فیزیکی و بیولوژیکی در کنترل کرم ساقه ­خوار برنج در مزارع دوکشتی در طول دو سال زراعی 1395 و 1396 مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بر اساس آزمایش ­های مزرعه ­ای، یک بار کاربرد هگزافلومورون یا دیازینون امولسیون به میزان 5/1 لیتر در هکتار هم ­زمان با ظهور لاروهای سن اول آفت در هر نسل بهترین نتیجه را در کاهش خسارت قلب ­مردگی و سرسفیدی و افزایش عملکرد محصول در هر دو سال زراعی به دنبال داشت. به علاوه، کارایی روش­ های تلفیقی در کاهش دو نوع خسارت و افزایش عملکرد محصول قابل توجه بود. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که هگزافلومورون به عنوان یک ترکیب تنظیم ­کننده رشد (IGR) و سازگار با محیط زیست، می ­تواند در برنامه­های تلفیقی کرم ساقه­ خوار برنج مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Efficiency of selected pesticides and integrated pest management approaches for control of Chilo suppressalis (Walker) (Lep.: Crambidae) in double cropping rice systems

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Noormohammad Pouramiri 1
  • F. Alinia 2
  • S. Imani 3
  • M. Shayanmehr 4
  • A. Ahadiyat 3
1 Department of Plant Protection, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Rice Research Institute of Iran, Rasht, Iran
3 Department of Plant Protection, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
4 Department of Plant Protection, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this study, the population density and survival of overwintering larvae of Chilo suppressalis (Walker) (Lep: Crambidae) was compared between single- and double cropped rice fields in north of Iran (Amol) during winter months (November-March) of 2016-2017. According to the results, a significantly higher frequency of overwintering larvae was observed in double cropped fields in both growing seasons and during all overwintering months. Additionally, larval mortality in double cropped fields was significantly lower than those in single cropped fields. The efficiency of three pesticides, diazinon (with two formulations G 10% and EC 60%), hexaflumuron (EC 10%) and fipronil (G 0.2%) as well as an integrated pest management approach (IPM) using mechanical, physical, and biological methods for control of Ch. suppressalis in double cropping fields of Amol was investigated during growing seasons of 2016 and 2017. According to fields experiments, a single application of hexaflumuron or diazinon EC at a concentration of 1.5 L/ha against the first instar larvae resulted in the most decrease in dead heart and white head damage and the highest crop yield in both growing seasons. The effect of IPM approaches on damage and crop yield was also considerable among treatments. Results of this study indicate that hexaflumuron, as an insect growth regulator (IGR) can be efficiently integrated in management programs of Ch. suppressalis. Besides environmental advantages, the integration of insecticides with novel modes of action in rotation with convenient pesticides can decrease the rate of resistance development by the pest in double cropping systems.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chilo suppressalis
  • Double cropping system
  • Overwintering larvae
  • Mortality
  • Integrated pest management
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