ارزیابی سازگاری زنبور پارازیتوئید (Trichogramma brassicae (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae با ارقام انتخابی گوجه‌فرنگی در مدیریت تلفیقی شب‌پره‌ی (Tuta absoluta (Lep.: Gelechiidae

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده‌ی کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج

چکیده

     در پژوهش حاضر، باتوجه به تأثیر کیفیت گیاه میزبان بر ویژگی­ های زیستی دشمنان طبیعی (تأثیر رو به بالا)، میزان سازگاری زنبور پارازیتوئید Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko با ارقام حساس ("Infinity") و مقاوم ("Goldy") گوجه‌فرنگی نسبت به شب‌پره‌ی مینوز گوجه‌فرنگی، (Tuta absoluta (Meyrick، در شرایط آزمایشگاهی با دمای 1 ± 25 درجه‌ی سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5 ± 65 درصد و دوره‌ی نوری 16 ساعت روشنایی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. در تجزیه­ ی داده ­ها، از نظریه ­ی جدول زندگی دو جنسی ویژه‌ی سن- مرحله‌ی زیستی استفاده شد. طول مراحل رشد و نمو نابالغ زنبور پارازیتوئید T. brassicae روی رقم "Infinity" 06/0 ± 80/12 (روز) بود که تفاوت معنی‌داری با مقدار محاسبه شده ­ی این دوره­ ی زیستی روی رقم "Goldy" داشت (07/0 ± 31/12 روز). میانگین تعداد تخم­ های پارازیت شده ­ی شب ­پر ه­ی مینوز گوجه­فرنگی توسط این زنبور پارازیتوئید روی ارقام "Infinity" و "Goldy" به­ ترتیب برابر با 67/2 ± 28/36 و 65/2 ± 30/39 (تخم/ماده) بود که اختلاف معنی­ داری با یکدیگر نداشتند. مرگ و میر مراحل نابالغ این پارازیتوئید روی ارقام "Infinity" و "Goldy" نیز به­ ترتیب برابر با 95/3 ± 97/65 و 05/4 ± 64 (درصد) بود که از نظر آماری اختلاف معنی­ داری بین آن­ ها مشاهده نشد. مقادیر محاسبه شده­ ی نرخ خالص تولید مثل (R0)، نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت (r) و نرخ متناهی افزایش جمعیت (λ) زنبور پارازیتوئید T. brassicae روی رقم "Infinity" به ­ترتیب برابر با 33/1 ± 31/7 (نتاج/فرد)، 013/0 ± 139/0 (بر روز) و 015/0 ± 150/1 (بر روز) بود که اختلاف معنی‌داری با مقادیر محاسبه شده­ ی این پارامترها روی رقم "Goldy" نداشت (به­ترتیب 47/1 ± 36/8 [نتاج/فرد]، 013/0 ± 154/0 [بر روز] و 015/0 ± 167/1 [بر روز]). متوسط مدت زمان یک نسل (T) زنبور پارازیتوئید T. brassicae روی ارقام "Infinity" و "Goldy" نیز به­ ترتیب برابر با 08/0 ± 26/14 و 09/0 ± 76/13 روز بود که از نظر آماری اختلاف معنی­ داری با یکدیگر داشتند. از نتایج پژوهش حاضر می‌توان این­گونه استنباط نمود که وجود عامل مقاومت احتمالی در رقم گوجه‌فرنگی "Goldy" با عامل کنترل بیولوژیک T. brassicae سازگار بوده و احتمالاً می‌توان این دو عامل را هم­زمان علیه شب‌پره‌ی مینوز گوجه‌فرنگی به­ کار برد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating the compatibility of parasitoid wasp, Trichogramma brassicae (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae) with selected cultivars of tomato in integrated management of Tuta absoluta (Lep.: Gelechiidae)

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Safaeeniya
  • A. Sedaratian-Jahromi
  • M. Ghane-Jahromi
  • M. Haghani
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran
چکیده [English]

     Since plant quality could affect biological performance of natural enemies (bottom-up effects), compatibility of parasitoid wasp, Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko with susceptible ("Infinity") and resistant ("Goldy") tomato cultivars to Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) was evaluated in laboratory conditions with 25±1ºC, relative humidity of 65±5 % and a light period of 16 h. Data analysis was performed using Age-Stage Two Sex Life Table theory. The value for total immature stages of T. brassicae on the cultivar "Infinity" was 12.80 ± 0.06 (days), which was significantly different from the recorded value of this parameter on "Goldy" (12.31 ± 0.07 days). The mean number of parasitized eggs of T. absoluta by this parasitoid wasp on the cultivars "Infinity" and "Goldy" was not significantly different and the obtained values for this parameter on the above-mentioned cultivars were 36.28 ± 2.67 and 39.30 ± 2.65 (eggs/female), respectively. Immature mortality of this parasitoid wasp was not significantly different on the cultivars "Infinity" and "Goldy" (65.97 ± 3.95 and 64.00 ± 4.05 (%), respectively). Furthermore, the values for net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (r) and finite rate of increase (λ) of parasitoid wasp T. brassicae on the cultivar "Infinity" was 7.31 ± 1.33 (offspring/individual), 0.139 ± 0.013 (day-1) and 1.150 ± 0.015 (day-1), which was not significantly different from those obtained on the cultivar "Goldy" (8.36 ± 1.47 [offspring/individual], 0.154 ± 0.013 [day-1] and 1.167 ± 0.015 [day-1], respectively). Furthermore, the cultivars "Infinity" and "Goldy" had significant effects on the mean generation time (T) of T. brassicae and the recorded value for this parameter on the above-mentioned cultivars was 14.26 ± 0.08 and 13.76 ± 0.09 (days), respectively. Regarding the results obtained in the present study, partially resistance of cultivar "Goldy" had a relative compatibility with parasitoid wasp T. brassicae and therefore, these two control procedures could be combined together for integrated management of T. absoluta

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bottom-up effects
  • Egg parasitoid
  • Integrated management
  • biological control
  • Intrinsic rate of increase
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