Morphology of hemocytes in Plusia gamma (Lep.: Noctuidae) larvae

Document Type : Short paper

Author

Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology

Abstract

Hemocytes are the most important hemolymph components in the circulatory system of insects, which in addition to feeding all cells and tissues of the body, play a key role in physiological defense. In this research, the identification of hemocytes in the gamma moth as a cosmopolitan and omnivorous pest was considered. To perform experiments, hemolymph was collected from pest larvae, and the cells were identified after settling on a slide and staining with Giemsa solution. Five types of hemocytes were observed in the hemolymph of insect larvae, including prohemocytes, granulocytes, plasmotocytes, oenocytoids, and spherulocytes. Prohemocytes are the smallest cells and round with a central nucleus were present in the fourth instar larvae of the moth. granulocytes are larger than prohemocytes, round with abundant granules in the cytoplasm, spindle-shaped plasmotocytes with one or two cytoplasmic cells, egg-shaped onocytoids with a lateral nucleus, and relatively large spherulocytes with spherule-shape cytoplasm. The frequency of granulocytes and plasma cells in fourth and fifth instar larvae was about 70% and more than other cells. While in younger larvae, the density of prohemocytes and plasmotocytes was relatively higher than other cells. Our findings can be used as the first stage of hematology studies of Plusia gamma.

Keywords

References

Ajamhassani, M. (2021). Hemocyte changes of larvae of the beet moth, Scrobipalpa ocellatella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) affected by thermal stress. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran, 41(1), 101–103. (In Farsi). Doi: 10.22117/jesi.2021.353933.1412
Ajamhassani, M. & Mahmoodzadeh, M. (2020). Cellular defense responses of 5th instar larvae of the Apple Ermine Moth, Yponomeuta malinellus (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) against starvation, thermal stresses, and entomopathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis. Journal of Animal Research, 4(2), 59-68. (In Farsi).
Beckage, N. E., (2008). Insect Immunology, Academic Press. California.
Blanco, L. A. A., Crispim, J. S., Fernandes, K. M., de Oliveira, L. L., Pereira, M. F., Bazzolli, D. M. S. & Martins, G. F. (2017). Differential cellular immune response of Galleria mellonella to Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. Cell and Tissue Research, 370(1), 153-168. DOI:10.1007/s00441-017-2653-5
Borges, A. R., Santos, P. N., Furtado, A. F. & Figueiredo, R. C. (2008). Phagocytosis of latex beads and bacteria by hemocytes of the triatomine bug Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera: Reduvidae). Micron, 39, 486-49. DOI:10.1016/j.micron.2007.01.007
Erazo-Moreno, M., Carneiro, E. & Specht, A. (2019). Was the Silver Y Moth Autographa gamma (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Plusiinae) in South America? Journal of Agricultural Science, 11(2), 132-138. DOI:10.5539/jas.v11n2p132
Ghasemi, V., Moharramipour, S., & Jalali Sendi, J. (2013). Circulating hemocytes of Mediterranean flour moth, Ephestia kuehniella Zell. (Lep: Pyralidae) and their response to thermal stress. Invertebrate Survival Journal, 10, 128-140.
Gupta, A. P. (1985). Cellular elements in the haemolymph, pp. 85–127. In: Kerkut, G.A. and Gilbert, L.I. (eds.), Comprehensive Insect Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology. Cambridge University Press.
Jalali, J. & Salehi, R. (2008). The hemocyte types, differential and total count in Papilio demoleus L. (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) during post-embryonic development. Munis Entomology & Zoology Journal, 3(1), 199-216.
Lavine, M. D., & Strand, M. R. (2002). Insect hemocytes and their role in immunity. Insect Biochemistry Molecular and Biology, 32, 1295-1309. Doi.org/10.1016/S0965-1748(02)00092-9
Pourali, Z. & Ajamhasani, M. (2018). The effect of thermal stresses on the immune system of the potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), Journal of Entomological Society of Iran, 37(4), 515-525. [In Farsi]. Doi: 10.22117/jesi.2018.116103
Strand, M. R. (2008). Insect hemocytes and their role in immunity. Insect immunology, no? 25–47. Doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7917.2008.00183.x
Tan, J., Xu, M., Zhang, K., Wang, X., Chen, S., Li, T., Xiang, Z. & Cui, H. (2013). Characterization of hemocytes proliferation in larval silkworm, Bombyx mori. Journal of Insect Physiology, 59(6), 595-603. DOI:10.1016/j.jinsphys.2013.03.008
Yeager, J. F. (1945). The blood picture of the Southern armyworm (Prodenia eridamin). Journal of Agricultural Research, 71, 1–40.
Plant Pest Research
Volume 13, Issue 2
September 2023
Pages 81-85

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 23 July 2023
  • Revise Date: 20 August 2023
  • Accept Date: 22 August 2023

Share

How to cite

Statistics