Two-sex life table of Nysius cymoides (Spinola) (Hem.: Lygaeidae) at different photoperiods under laboratory conditions

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

2 Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Gonbad University, Iran

3 Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection (IRIPP), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

Abstract

The life table parameters are the most appropriate index for comparing the fitness of a population to diverse climatic and food-related conditions. In this study, the effect of three photoperiods of 8:16, 12:12 and 16:8 h (L:D) on the life table parameters of Nysius cymoides was studied under laboratory conditions (24±1ºC, 65±5% RH). Data were analyzed based on the age-stage, two-sex life table theory. Immature developmental times of N. cymoides under 12-and 8h photoperiods were significantly shorter than that of treatment with 16h photoperiod. The adult pre-oviposition period (APOP), total pre-oviposition period (TPOP), mean fecundity and adult longevity reared under three photoperiods showed significant differences. The highest and lowest fecundity were 56.65 eggs and 10.1 eggs at 12- and 8h photoperiods, respectively. Intrinsic rates of increase (r) were 0.011 ± 0.004, 0.044 ± 0.003 and 0.039 ± 0.003 (day-1) at 8-, 12- and 16h (L), respectively; and net reproductive rates (R0) were 2.02 ± 0.52, 13.02 ± 2.65 and 11.41± 2.12 (offspring per individual) for the respective treatments. The mean generation times (T) were 56.11 ± 1.26, 57.16 ± 1.53 and 62.32± 1.41 days, at 8-, 12- and 16h (L), respectively. The life expectancy (exj), survival rate (sxj) and cumulative reproductive rate (Rx) at 12-and 16h (L) were higher than those of 8h photoperiod. Generally, 12- and 16h photoperiods were more reasonable for N. cymoides rearing comparing with 8h photoperiod.

Keywords

References

Askari, A. and Stern, V. M. 1972. Biology and feeding habits of Orius tristicolor (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 65: 96-100.
Awmack, C. S. and Leather, S. R. 2002. Host plant quality and fecundity in herbivorous insects. Annual Review of Entomology 47: 817–844.
Beck, S. D. 1980.Insect Photoperiodism, 2nd edn. Academic Press, New York. 359 pp.
Behdad, E. 2002.Introductory entomology and important plant pests in Iran. Yadboud Press. 848 pp. (In Persian)
Carey, J. R. 2001. Insect biodemography. Annual Reviw Entomology 46: 79-110.
Carey, J. R. and Liedo, P. 1999. Mortality dynamics of insects: General principles derived from aging research on the mediterranean fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae). American Entomologist 45(1): 49-55.
Carey, J. R., Liedo, P., Orozco, D. and Vaupel, J. W. 1992.Slowing of mortality rates at older ages in large medfly cohorts.Science 258: 457-461.
Chi, H. 1988.Life table analysis incorporating both sexes and variable development rates among individuals. Environmental Entomology 17: 26-34.
Chi, H. 2015. TWOSEX-MS Chart: A Computer Program for the Age-Stage, Two Sex Life Table Analysis. from http://140.120.197.173/Ecology/Download/TwosexMSChart.zip.
Chi, H. and Liu, H. 1985.Two new methods for the study of insect population ecology. Bulletin of the Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica 24: 225-240.
Danks, H. V. 2002. The range of insect dormancy responses. European Journal of Entomology 99: 127–142.
Eiben, J. A. 2012. Applied conservation research of the wekiu bug in Hawai’I: life table analysis, population genetics, and phylogenetics create a holistic view of a rare and unique species. PhD. thesis. The University of Hawai. 236pp.
Ghauri, M. S. K. 1977. A revision of Apodiphus spinola (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 67: 97–106.
He, X. Z., Wang, Q. and Carpenter, A. 2002. Reproductive diapauses in Nysiushuttoni White (Heteroptera: Lygaeidae). New Zealand Plant Protection 55: 308-311.
Heidary Alizadeh, B., Avand-Faghih, A., Mohaghegh, J. and Porshekoh, A. Y. 2009. Ethyl 4-isothiocyanatobutyrate as a potential attractant for Nysius cymoides (Het.: Lygaeidae). Journal of Applied Entomology and Phytopathology76: 1–10.
Hodek, I. and Iperti, G. 1983.Sensitivity to photoperiod in relation to diapause in Semiadaliaun decimnotata females. Entomologia Experimentaliset Applicata 34: 9–12.
Huang, Y. B. and Chi, H. 2013. Life tables of Bactrocera cucurbitae (Diptera: Tephritidae): With a validation of the jackknife technique. Journal of Applied Entomology 137(5): 327-339.
Jha, R. K., Tuan, S. J., Chi, H. and Tang, L. C. 2014. Life table and consumption capacity of corn earworm, Helicoverpa armigera, fed asparagus, Asparagus officinalis. Journal of Insect Science 14:34.
Karaosmanolu, F. 2004. Biyodizel-Biyomotorin-Biodiesel.from http.//www.biyomotorin-biodiesel.com/biodiesel.html.
Keyhanian, A. A., Taghizadeh, M. and Taghaddosi, M. V. 2005. A faunistic study on insect pests and its natural enemies in canola fields at different regions of Iran. Pajouhesh and Sazandegi 68: 2-8. (In Farsi).
Kindlmann, P., Dixon, A. F. G. and Dostalkova, I. 2001.Role of ageing and temperature in shaping the reaction norms and fecundity function in insects. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 14: 835-840.
Leather, S. R. 1995.Factors affecting fecundity, fertility, oviposition, and larviposition in insects. In Leather, S. R. and Hardie, R. J.(Eds.). Insect Reproduction CRC, Boca Raton, Florida. pp. 143–174.
Leather, S. R., Walters, K. F. A. and Bale, J. S. 1993.The Ecology of Overwintering. Cambridge University Press, U.K. 255pp.
Linnavuori, R. E. 2007. Studies on the Lygaeidae (Heteroptera) of Gilan and the adjacent provinces in northern Iran. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 47: 57–75.
Long, D. B. 1953.Effects of population density on larvae of Lepidoptera. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 104: 543-84.
Malaquias, J. B., Ramalho, F. S., Fernandes, F. S., Sousa, J. V. S. and Azeredo, T. L. 2009.Effects of photoperiod on the development and growth of Podisus nigrispinus, a predator of cotton leafworm. Phytoparasitica 37: 241-248.
Mirab-balou, M., Rasoulian, G. R., Khanjani, M. and Sabahi, Q. 2008. Study on taxonomy of phytophagous bugs of the family Miridae and introducing insects natural enemies of the alfalfa tarnished plant bug in Hamedan alfalfa fields (West of Iran). Journal of Pakistan Entomology 30: 55–60.
Moehrlin, G. S. and Juliano, S. A. 1998.Plasticity of insect reproduction: testing models of flexible and fixed development in response to different growth rates. Oecologia115: 492–500.
Mohaghegh, J. 2008. Demography of Nysius cymoides (Het.:Lygaeidae) fed on canola seeds under laboratory conditions. Applied Entomology and Phytopathology 76(2): 67-79.
Philogene, B. J. R. and McNeal, J. N. 1984. The influence on the nondiapause related aspects of development and reproduction in insects. Photochemistry and Photobiology 40: 753–761.
Raymer, P. L. 2002. Canola an emerging oilseed crop. In Janick, J and Whipkey, A. (Eds.). Trends in New Crops and New Uses. ASHA Press, Alexandria, USA. pp. 122–126.
Ruberson, J. R., Bush, L. and Kring, T. J. 1991. Photoperiodic effect on diapause induction and development in the predator Orius insidiosus (Hereroptera: Anthocoridae). Environmental Entomology 20 (3): 786-789.
Sarafrazi, A., Shiroudbakhshi, R., Zahiri, R. and Zangeneh, A. 2009. Nysius species fauna of Iran and their distribution on canola. The 6th Asia-Pacific Congress of Entomology (APCE 2009), 18-22 October, Beijing, China. pp. 200.
Scarisbrick, D. H. and Daniels, R. W. 1986.Oilseed Rape. Collins Professional and Technical Books. London. 309 pp.
Shahidi, F. 1990. Canola and rapeseed production, chemistry, nutrition and processing technology. Department of Biochemistry. Memorial University of New found land. Van Nostrand Reinhold. New York 355pp.
SigmaPlot. 2011. Sigma Plot, version 12.0, Systat Software Inc.
Solhjouy-Fard, S., Sarafrazi, F., Minbashi Moeini, M. and Ahadiyat. A. 2013.Predicting habitat distribution of five heteropteran pest species in Iran. Journal of Insect Science 13:116.
Southwood, T. R. E. and Henderson, P. A. 2000.Ecological methods.3rd ed. Blackwell, Oxford, United Kingdom. 575 pp.
Wei, Y. I. 2001. Nysius huttoni (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae): life history and some aspects of its biology and ecology in relation to wing development and flight. PhD. thesis, The University of Canterbury New Zealand. 281 pp.
Wermelinger, B. and Seifert, M.1999.Temperature-dependent reproduction of the spruce bark beetle Ipstypographus, and analysis of the potential population growth. Ecological Entomology 24: 103–110.
Weseloh, R. M. 1986. Effect of photoperiod on progeny production and longevity of Gypsy moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) egg parasite Ooencyrtus kuvanae (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae). Environmental Entomology 15: 1149-1153.
Wheeler Jr, A. G. 2001. Plant bugs (Miridae) as plant pests. In Schaefer, C. W., Panizzi, A. R. (Eds.) Heteroptera of Economic Importance. CRC Press. pp. 37–83.
Wigglesworth, V. B. 1972.The Principles of insect physiology. Chapman & Hall, London, United Kingdom.
Wipfli, M. S., Wedberg, J. L. and Hogg, D. B. 1990. Damage potentials of three plant bug (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae) species to birds foot trefoil grown for seed in Wisconsin. Journal of Economic Entomology 83: 580– 584.
Yasunaga, T. 1990. A revision of the genus Adelphocoris Reuter (Heterptera, Miridae) from Japan. Japan Journal of Entomology 58: 606–618.
Zhang, Sh. M. 1985. Economic insect fauna of China, Fasc.31, Hemiptera (1). Science Press, Beijing, China. 695pp.
 
Plant Pest Research
Volume 6, Issue 4
March 2017
Pages 73-87

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 13 March 2017
  • Accept Date: 13 March 2017

Share

How to cite

Statistics