تأثیر عصاره‌‌های گیاهی گلدر (Rydingia persica) و مورد (Myrtus communis) علیه Bemisia tabaci در شرایط آزمایشگاهی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

بخش گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

استفاده از عصاره‌های گیاهی به عنوان ترکیباتی طبیعی علیه حشرات آفت یکی از روش‌های موثر در کاهش مصرف آفت‌کش‌های شیمیایی در آینده محسوب خواهند شد. در بررسی حاضر، تأثیر عصاره دو گیاه گلدر و مورد و نیز اثر متقابل عصاره‌ها در غلظت­های به‌دست آمده روی آفت مهم سفید‌بالک Bemisia tabaci در شرایط آزمایشگاهی بررسی شد. عصاره­ی گیاه گلدر در شش سطح صفر، 2۰، 5/2، 1/3، 9/3 و 5 گرم در لیتر و عصاره­ی گیاه مورد در شش سطح صفر، 4/1، 8/1، 3/2، 3 و 4 گرم در لیتر بررسی شدند. آزمایش‌ها در شرایط دمایی 3 ± 27 درجه‏ی سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 6 ±50 درصد و دوره‏ی نوری 16 ساعت روشنایی و 8 ساعت تاریکی انجام شدند. مقدار غلظت کشنده پنجاه درصد (LC50) برای عصاره­های مورد و گلدر به­ترتیب 56/2و 39/3 گرم در لیتر تخمین زده شد که به صورت معنی‌دار در سطح احتمال 95 درصد با یکدیگر متفاوت بودند. همچنین با افزایش غلظت عصاره‌ی گلدر و مورد به­ترتیب تا مقادیر 5 گرم در لیتر و 4 گرم در لیتر ، درصد تلفات نیز افزایش یافت. بیشترین درصد تلفات سفیدبالک B. tabaci تحت تیمار عصاره گلدر و مورد به ترتیب 8/79 و ۸1  درصد مشاهده شد. نتایج بررسی تأثیر متقابل کشندگی عصاره‌های گلدر و مورد روی سفیدبالک B. tabaci نشان داد که بیشترین درصد تلفات در سطح 5 گرم در لیتر از گیاه گلدر و 3/2 ، 3 و 4 ‌گرم در لیتر از گیاه مورد برآورد شد و میزان تلفات آفت در حالت کاربرد هم‌زمان به­ترتیب ۹۵، 3/96 و 3/97 درصد برای سه سطح فوق به­دست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of golder (Rydingia persica) and myrtle (Myrtus communis) extracts in controlling Bemisia tabaci on tomato under laboratory conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Alichi
  • S. Roosta
  • F. Bagheri
  • K. Minaei
Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
چکیده [English]

The use of herbal extracts as natural compounds in pest control is one of the most promising prospects for reducing future chemical pesticide use. The present study was conducted to evaluate in vitro effects of Golder and Myrtle extracts and also interaction between obtained different levels of concentrations for controlling Bemisia tabaci, on tomato under laboratory conditions. Plant extracts were used at 5 levels plus control. The effects of plant extracts and their interactions on B. tabaci, as well as lethal concentrations were determined. Concentrations of 0, 2, 2.5, 3.1, 3.9 and 5 g/L from Golder and 0, 1.4, 1.8, 2.3, 3 and 4 g/L from Myrtle were investigated. Experiments were done at 27±3 °C temperature, relative humidity of 50±6 %and the photoperiod of 16:8 hours L:D. Results showed that the median lethal concentration (LC50) amounts of myrtle and golder were respectively 2.56 and 3.39 g/L and they were significantly different with each other (P<0.05). Also Golder extract up to 5 g/L concentration and the extract of Myrtle up to 4 g/L concentration, whitefly mortality was increased. The maximum mortality rates of B. tabaci related to the plant extracts were 79.8 percent at 5 g/L concentration of Golder, and 81 percent at 4 g/L concentration of Myrtle, respectively. Analysis of the interaction between the whitefly B. tabaci and the plant extracts showed that the maximum mortality was due to interaction between Golder at the level of 5 g/L, with Myrtle concentration of 2.3 g/L, 3 g/L and 4 g/L, created 95 %, 96.3 % and 97.3 % mortality, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Interaction
  • median lethal concentration
  • methanolic extract
  • concentration-response line
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