پارامتر‌های زیستی بید سیب‌زمینی، (Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lep.: Gelechiidae روی غده شش رقم سیب‌زمینی در شرایط آزمایشگاهی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج ، ایران

چکیده

یکی از روش‌های مناسب برای کنترل بید سیب‌زمینی Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lep.: Gelechiidae) به عنوان یکی از آفات مهم سیب‌زمینی در مزرعه و انبار، استفاده از ارقام مقاوم می‌باشد. بدین منظور مقاومت غده شش رقم سیب‌زمینی (بانبا، بلینی، جلی، دراگا، مارفونا و میلوا) نسبت به بید سیب‌زمینی با مطالعه پارامتر‌های زیستی و دموگرافیک آفت ذکر شده مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. این آزمایش در اتاقک رشد با دمای 2 ± 25 درجه‌ی سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5 ±65 درصد و دوره‌ی نوری 14 ساعت روشنایی و 10 ساعت تاریکی انجام گرفت. بر اساس نتایج، غده ارقام مختلف سیب‌زمینی مورد نظر تاثیر معنی‌داری روی طول دوره‌ی مراحل تخم، لارو، شفیره، پیش از بلوغ، حشره‌کامل نر، کل طول دوره رشدی نر و ماده این آفت نشان دادند (P<0.05). اما روی طول دوره‌ حشره کامل ماده تاثیر معنی‌داری مشاهده نشد (P>0.05). علاوه بر این، در این تحقیق بررسی پارامتر‌های تولیدمثل شامل طول دوره‌ قبل از تخم‌ریزی و میزان تخم‌ریزی کل بید سیب‌زمینی روی غده شش رقم سیب‌زمینی اختلاف معنی ­داری را نشان نداد (P>0.05)، اما روی کل دوره پیش از تخم‌ریزی و دوره تخم­ریزی اختلاف معنی ­داری مشاهده شد (P<0.05). همچنین بررسی پارامترهای جدول زندگی نشان داد که کم‌ترین نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت (r) روی غده رقم مارفونا (141/0 بر روز)، کم‌ترین نرخ خالص تولیدمثل (R0) روی غده رقم دراگا (56/34 نتاج)، کم‌ترین نرخ متناهی افزایش جمعیت ( ) روی غده رقم مارفونا (151/1 بر روز) و بیش‌ترین مدت زمان یک نسل (T) روی غده رقم مارفونا (06/28 روز) مشاهده شد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Life history parameters of the potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lep.: Gelechiidae) on the tuber of six potato cultivars under laboratory conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • S. Salavati
  • H. Ghobari
  • A. Sadeghi
  • M. Maroufpoor
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Using resistant varieties is one of the suitable ways for controlling the potato moth, Phthorimaea operculella as one of the important pests of potato in field and storage. So that the resistance of six potato cultivars (Banba, Bellini, Jelly, Draga, Marfona, and Milva) to potato tuber moth was assessed by studying the biological and the demographic effect of the mentioned pest. This experiment was carried out in a growth chamber, 25 ±2°C, 65 ±5% RH and 14L:10D h photoperiod. According to the results, the potato tuber cultivars had a significant effect on the period of egg, larva, pupa, preadult, male life span, male and female adult longevity of this pest (P<0.05), but there was not significantly difference on the period of female life span (P>0.05). In addition, in this study, reproduction parameters of potato moth including APOP and total fecundity were not significant among the potato tuber cultivars (P>0.05), but they were significantly different on the period of TPOP and oviposition period (P<0.05). Also studying the life table parameters showed the least intrinsic rate of increase (r) on Marfona (0.141 day-1), the least net reproductive rate (R0) on Draga (34.56 offspring), the lest finite rate of population increase (λ) on Marfona (1.151 day-1) and the highest period of generation time (T) on Marfona (28.06 days). 
Using resistant varieties is one of the suitable ways for controlling the potato moth, Phthorimaea operculella as one of the important pests of potato in field and storage. So that the resistance of six potato cultivars (Banba, Bellini, Jelly, Draga, Marfona, and Milva) to potato tuber moth was assessed by studying the biological and the demographic effect of the mentioned pest. This experiment was carried out in a growth chamber, 25 ±2°C, 65 ±5% RH and 14L:10D h photoperiod. According to the results, the potato tuber cultivars had a significant effect on the period of egg, larva, pupa, preadult, male life span, male and female adult longevity of this pest (P<0.05), but there was not significantly difference on the period of female life span (P>0.05). In addition, in this study, reproduction parameters of potato moth including APOP and total fecundity were not significant among the potato tuber cultivars (P>0.05), but they were significantly different on the period of TPOP and oviposition period (P<0.05). Also studying the life table parameters showed the least intrinsic rate of increase (r) on Marfona (0.141 day-1), the least net reproductive rate (R0) on Draga (34.56 offspring), the lest finite rate of population increase (λ) on Marfona (1.151 day-1) and the highest period of generation time (T) on Marfona (28.06 days). 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Resistant varieties
  • Phthorimaea operculella
  • life history parameters
  • rm

مراجع

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تحقیقات آفات گیاهی
دوره 7، شماره 2
شهریور 1396
صفحه 37-52

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 02 مهر 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 02 مهر 1396

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