تأثیر روغن‌های معدنی، صابون حشره‌کش (پالیزین®) و کلرپیریفوس روی سپردار شمشاد Unaspis euonymi Comstock (Hem.:Diaspididae) در شرایط صحرایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 بخش تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی، مرکزتحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ساری، ایران

2 موسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

3 بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکزتحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی ومنابع طبیعی استان مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش وترویج کشاورزی، ساری، ایران

چکیده

اثر دو نوع روغن‌ معدنی امولسیون شونده(EC)، و روغن امولسیون غلیظ (مایونز)هر کدام با دو غلظت 5/0 و 7/0 درصد، صابون حشره‌کش پالیزین® 5/2 در هزار، کلرپیریفوس 5/1 در هزار، کلرپیریفوس 5/1 در هزار + روغن EC 5/0 درصد، کلرپیریفوس 5/1 در هزار + روغن مایونز 5/0 درصد و آب (شاهد) روی سپردار Unaspis euonymi از آفات مهم درختچه شمشاد بررسی شد. از هر تیمار6 شاخه به طور تصادفی در فواصل زمانی یک روز قبل، 3، 7، 14و 21 روز بعد از محلول‌پاشی نمونه‌برداری وتعداد حشرات زنده روی 2 سانتی‌متر از قسمت بالایی شاخه و 2 سانتی‌متر مربع از قسمت میانی سطح زیرین دو برگ شمارش شد. میانگین داده‌های خام با استفاده از فرمول هندرسون- تیلتون به درصد تلفات تبدیل و مقایسه میانگین‌ها با آزمون توکی در سطح 5 درصد صورت گرفت. در سال 1395، روغن EC 7/0 درصد با میانگین تلفات 9/67% در سه روز پس از محلول‌پاشی و کلرپیریفوس 5/1 در هزار + روغن EC 5/0 درصد با میانگین تلفات 3/78%، 1/69% و 52% به ترتیب در 7، 14 و 21 روز پس از محلول‌پاشی برگ، کارایی بیشتری نشان دادند. روی شاخه، کلرپیریفوس 5/1 در هزار + روغن EC 5/0 نسبت به سایر ترکیبات آزمایش شده در تمام روزهای نمونه‌برداری پس از تیمار درصد تلفات بالاتری ایجاد کرد. در سال 1396محلول‌پاشی برگ باکلرپیریفوس +روغن EC 5/0 درصد،حداکثر کارایی را در کنترل سپردار شمشاد نشان داد. کلرپیریفوس+ روغن مایونز 5/0 درصد در سه روز پس از محلول‌پاشی شاخه با 7/55 درصد تلفات و کلرپیریفوس 5/1 در هزار + روغن EC 5/0 درصد در 7، 14 و 21 روز بعد به ­ترتیب با 7/69، 2/79 و 4/80 درصد تلفات نسبت به سایر تیمارها مؤثرتر بودند. نتایج نشان داد که کلرپیریفوس در تلفیق با روغن می‌تواند در برنامه‌های کنترل سپردار U. euonymi مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of mineral oils, insecticidal soap (Palizin®) and chlorpyrifos on Unaspis euonymi Comstock (Hem.: Diaspididae) underfield conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Gholamzadeh-Chitgar 1
  • A. Heidari 2
  • S. Pormoradi 3
1 Plant Protection Research Department, Mazandaran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Sari, Iran
2 Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
3 Research Division of Natural Resources, Mazandaran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Sari, Iran
چکیده [English]

Effect of two types of mineral oils, EC and mayonnaise at two concentrations of 5ml/L and 7 ml/L, insecticidal soap Palizin® 2.5 ml/L, chlorpyrifos 1.5 ml/L, chlorpyrifos 1.5 ml/L + EC oil at concentration of 5ml/L, chlorpyrifos 1.5 ml/L + mayonnaise oil at concentration of 5ml/L and water as control was investigated on Unaspis euonymi as an important pest of boxwood, Euonymus sp. Six branches were sampled randomly from each treatment one day before spraying and 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after spraying and number of live insects were counted on 2 cm at the top of branch and 2 cm2 in the middle portion of underside of two leaves. Corrected mortality and mean comparison were determined by using the Henderson-Tilton formula and Tukey test at 0.05% probability level, respectively. In 2016, at 3 days after spraying on leaves, mineral oil EC at concentration of 7 ml/L with 67.9% mortality and chlorpyrifos 1.5 ml/L + EC 5 ml/L with 78.3%, 69.1% and 52% mortalities, respectively at 7, 14 and 21 days after spraying were more efficient treatments. On the branches, chlorpyrifos 1.5 ml/L + EC 5 ml/L was more efficient than other insecticides in all sampling days after spraying causing highest percentage of mortality. In 2017, chlorpyrifos 1.5 ml/L + EC 5 ml/L treatment was more efficient against U. euonymi when the leaves sprayed. Chlorpyrifos 1.5 ml/L + mayonnaise 5 ml/L at 3 days after spraying of the branches caused 55.7% mortality and at 7, 14 and 21 days after spraying, chlorpyrifos 1.5 ml/L + EC 5 ml/L with 69.7, 79.2 and 80.4% mortality was more toxic than other treatments. The results indicated that chlorpyrifos in combination with oil can be used in control programs of U. euonymi.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Unaspis euonymi
  • boxwood
  • mineral oil
  • insecticidal soap

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تحقیقات آفات گیاهی
دوره 8، شماره 2
شهریور 1397
صفحه 41-51

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 24 شهریور 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 24 شهریور 1397

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