ریزپوشانی باکتری Pseudomonas fluorescens همراه با نانوذرات اکسید روی/سیلیس و تاثیر آن بر گیاه گوجه فرنگی و برخی از فراسنجه های زیستی Tuta absoluta

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه گیاه‌پزشکی دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی‌عصر (عج) رفسنجان، ایران

چکیده

استفاده از ریزپوشانی در فرموله­ کردن عوامل زیستی مانند باکتری‌های آنتاگونیست نقش مهمی در افزایش کارایی و ماندگاری این عوامل در شرایط نامساعد محیطی دارد. در این تحقیق، تاثیر کپسوله کردن باکتری Pseudomonas fluorescens UPF5 با آلژینات-وی پروتئین به همراه نانوذرات اکسید سیلیس و روی بر بعضی عناصر مهم گیاه گوجه‌فرنگی، تعداد و طول دوره تخم‌گذاری و طول دوره زندگی شب‌پره مینوز گوجه‌فرنگی Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechidae) بررسی شد. آزمایش‌های گلخانه‌ای در شرایط دمایی 2±27 درجه سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5 ± 60 درصد و دوره نوری 16 ساعت روشنایی و 8 ساعت تاریکی صورت گرفت. تعیین مقدار برخی عناصر مهم در گیاه گوجه فرنگی در چهار تیمار شامل: 1) گیاه تیمار شده با باکتری کپسوله‌شده، 2) گیاه تیمار شده با نانوذرات اکسید روی+سیلیس، 3) گیاه تیمار شده با باکتری فاقد پوشش و 4) گیاه تیمار شده با آب + آلؤینات + وی پروتئین (شاهد) انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که تیمار گیاه با باکتری کپسوله‌شده باعث افزایش به ­ترتیب 2/10، 8/13 و 6/1 برابری میزان عناصر فسفر، پتاسیم و آهن نسبت به میزان این عناصر در گیاه شاهد شد. علاوه بر این، طول دوره قبل از تخمگذاری بالغ (APOP)، کل دوره قبل از تخمگذاری (TPOP) و طول عمر در حشراتی که روی گیاهان تیمار شده با باکتری کپسوله‌شده تغذیه شدند بیشتر بود؛ اما تعداد تخم ها در مقایسه با حشرات تغذیه شده از گیاهان شاهد کمتر بود. نتایج نشان داد استفاده از باکتری‌ باعث بهبود رشد گیاه و افزایش مقاومت آن در برابر T. absoluta  شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Microencapsulation of Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria with silica/zinc oxide nanoparticles and its effect on tomato and some biological parametrs of Tuta absoluta

نویسندگان [English]

  • E. Tamanadar
  • Sh. Shahidi-Noghabi
  • R. Saberi
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Using microcapsulation in formulation of biological agents such as antagositic bacteria plays an important role in increasing the efficiency and stability of these agents in the adverse environmental conditions. In the present study, the effect of encapsulation of Pseudomonas fluorescens VUPF5 bacteria with alginate-whey protein and silica and zinc oxide nanoparticles was investigated on some important elements of the tomato plant, the number of eggs, oviposition period and the Longevity of the tomato moth Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechidae). Greenhouse experiments were carried out at 27±2 °C, relative humidity of 60±5% and photoperiod of 16:8 h light:dark. The amount of some importatnt nutrients in tomato plant were measured in four treatments including: 1) plant treated with capsulated bacteria, 2) plant treated with zinc oxide + silica nanoparticles, 3) plant treated with uncoated bacteria, and 4) plant treated with water + alginate + whey protein (control). The results indicated that treatment of the plants with the capsulated bacteria caused an increase of  10.2, 13.8 and 1.6 times the amount of phosphorus, potassium and iron elements respectively compared to control plants, Moreover, length of the adult pre-oviposition period (APOP), the total pre-oviposition period (TPOP), and the Longevity were longer in the insects were fed on the plants treated with the capsulated bacteria. But, the number of eggs were fewer compared with insects fed on the control plants. The results showed that the bacteria improved plant growth and increased its resistance against T. absoluta.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Capsulated bacteria
  • pests
  • plant essential elements
  • Tomato plant resistance
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