تأثیر زیرکشندگی قارچ‌های بیمارگر Beauveria bassiana وB. pseudobassiana روی شته جالیزAphis gossypii

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران

چکیده

در مطالعه حاضر، اثرات زیرکشنده‌ (LC25) سویه‌های بومی از دو گونه‌ مهم قارچ‌ بیمارگر (Beauveria bassiana OQ421528 و B. pseudobassiana OQ421529) بر ویژگی‌های زیستی شته جالیز، Aphis gossypii Glover، در شرایط آزمایشگاهی (دمای 1±25 درجه سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 10±65 درصد و دوره نوری 16:8 ساعت روشنایی: تاریکی) ارزیابی شد. مقادیر LC25 برای B. bassiana و B. pseudobassiana به‌ترتیب 103×9/35 و 104×4/54 کنیدی در میلی‌لیتر بود. تیمارهای قارچی در مقایسه با شاهد موجب افزایش طول دوره رشد و کاهش میزان زنده‌مانی، طول عمر حشرات بالغ و باروری شدند. نتایج نشان داد که طولانی‌ترین دوره رشد مراحل نابالغ در تیمار با B. bassiana، 5/62روز و در تیمار شاهد، 4/48روز بود. طول عمر افراد بالغ شته جالیز زمانی که در معرض غلظت زیرکشنده LC25 قارچ بیمارگر B. bassiana قرار گرفتند، در مقایسه با B. pseudobassiana و شاهد به‌طور معنی‌داری کاهش یافت. نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت (r) و نرخ متناهی افزایش جمعیت (λ) در گروه شاهد بیشترین و در تیمار B. bassiana کمترین بود. آلودگی قارچی موجب کاهش نرخ خالص تولیدمثل (R0) در افراد تیمار شده با B. bassiana (18/67نتاج/فرد) و B. pseudobassiana (53/12نتاج/فرد) در مقایسه با شاهد (77/63نتاج/فرد) شد. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که قارچ‌های بیمارگر آزمایش‌شده می‌توانند به عنوان یک جایگزین مناسب در برنامه‌های مدیریت تلفیقی آفات علیه شته جالیز عمل کنند و B. bassiana OQ421528 امیدوارکننده‌ترین قارچ‌ بیمارگر برای بررسی بیشتر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Sublethal effects of entomopathogenic fungi species, Beauveria bassiana and B. pseudobassiana, on Aphis gossypii

نویسندگان [English]

  • F. Bazgir
  • J. Shakarami
  • E. Bazgir
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
چکیده [English]

In the present study, the sublethal effects (LC25) of native strains of two important entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) species, Beauveria bassiana OQ421528 and B. pseudobassiana OQ421529, on the biological attributes of the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover, were evaluated under laboratory conditions (25±1°C, relative humidity of 65±10%, and a photoperiod of 16:8 h L:D). The LC25 values of B. bassiana and B. pseudobassiana were 9.35×10³ and 4.54×10⁴ conidia ml⁻¹, respectively. The fungal treatments increased development time and reduced survival rate, adult longevity, and fecundity compared to the control. The results indicated that the longest pre-adult development of A. gossypii was 5.62 days in the B. bassiana treatment and in the control treatment was 4.48 days. Exposure to the LC25 of B. bassiana significantly reduced the adult longevity of A. gossypii compared to B. pseudobassiana and control treatments. The intrinsic rate of increase (r) and finite rate of increase (λ) were highest in the control group and lowest in the B. bassiana treatment. Fungal infection contributed to a reduced net reproductive rate (R0) in treated individuals with B. bassiana (18.67 offspring/individual) and B. pseudobassiana (53.12 offspring/individual) compared to the control (77.63 offspring/individual). The results of this study indicated that the tested pathogenic fungi could serve as suitable alternatives in integrated pest management (IPM) programs against A. gossypii and B. bassiana OQ421528 being the most promising pathogenic fungus for further investigation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biocontrol
  • Entomopathogenic fungi
  • Life table
  • Population growth parameters
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