تاثیر رژیم غذایی بید آرد Anagasta kuehniella (Lep.: Pyralidae) بر رفتار کاوشگری زنبور (Hym.: Braconidae) Habrobracon hebetor

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا، همدان، ایران

چکیده

یکی از ویژگی­ های مطلوب دشمنان طبیعی دارا بودن قدرت جستجوی بالا است. برای ارزیابی رفتار کاوشگری و کارایی جستجوی دشمنان طبیعی روش ­های گوناگونی وجود دارد که یکی از مهم­ترین آن­ها واکنش تابعی است. در این مطالعه، واکنش تابعی زنبورهای Habrobracon hebetor (Say) نسبت به تراکم ­های مختلف لارو سن پنجم شب‌پره مدیترانه‌ای آرد Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller) که با رژیم‌های غذایی مختلف تغذیه شده بودند، ارزیابی شد. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده، واکنش تابعی زنبور H. hebetor در شرایطی که تلفات میزبان تنها به دلیل پارازیته کردن توسط زنبور پارازیتوئید در نظر گرفته شود، در تمام تیمارها از نوع دوم بود. در حالی که واکنش تابعی زنبور نسبت به مجموع لاروهای پارازیته ­شده و فلج ­شده روی رژیم غذایی‌ آرد گندم + سبوس گندم از نوع دوم و روی رژیم ­های  آرد جو + سبوس گندم، آرد ذرت + سبوس گندم و سبوس گندم از نوع سوم بود. نرخ حمله (a) زنبور پارازیتوئید H. hebetor در حالتی که تنها لاروهای پارازیته شده مورد شمارش واقع شدند، در صورت تغذیه از رژیم‌های غذایی آرد گندم+ سبوس گندم، آرد جو + سبوس گندم، آرد ذرت + سبوس گندم و سبوس گندم به ­ترتیب 0549/0، 0504/0، 0526/0و 0307/0 بر ساعت بود. زمان دستیابی (Th) آن به ترتیب 9391/5، 3351/5، 1311/5 و 5789/2 ساعت برآورد شد که نشان می ­دهد این زنبور پارازیتویید در لاروهای تغذیه شده با رژیم غذایی سبوس گندم زمان دستیابی کمتری را صرف پارازیته کردن میزبان می‌کند. نتایج این تحقیق می ­تواند در انتخاب رژیم ­های غذایی مناسب برای پرورش میزبان زنبور H. hebetor در انسکتاریوم­ ها مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of the Mediterranean flour moth (Anagasta kuehniella)(Lep.: Pyralidae) diets on searching behaviour of Habrobracon hebetor (Hym.: Braconidae)

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Zamanifar
  • H. Madadi
  • B. Zahiri
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
چکیده [English]

A high searching rate is one of the most desirable traits of natural enemies. Different tests have been used to evaluate the searching behavior and efficiency of natural enemies, one of the most important tests among them is the functional response. In this study, the functional response of Habrobracon hebetor (Say) was investigated to different densities of 5th instar larvae of Meditteranean flour moth, Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller), fed on different food regimes. According to the obtained results, H. hebetor showed type II functional response on all treatments when mortality was considered just due to the number of parasitized larvae. When the combined number of parasitized and paralyzed larvae were considered, it showed type II on wheat flour + wheat husk and type III functional response on host larvae that used barely flour + wheat husk, corn flour + wheat husk, and wheat husk. The attack rate (a) of H. hebetor to parasitized larvae was 0.0549, 0.0504, 0.0526, and 0.0307 h-1 on wheat flour + wheat husk, barley flour + wheat husk, corn flour + wheat husk, and wheat husk, respectively. Accordingly, the handling time (Th) of H. hebetor was estimated as 5.9391, 5.3351, 5.1311, and 2.5789 hours that indicating H. hebetor spent less time for handling to larvae raised on the wheat husk. The results of this study could be used for the selection of the proper diet for H. hebetor mass rearing in insectariums.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Attack constant
  • handling time
  • host-parasitoid interactions
  • Mediterranean flour moth
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