تاثیر جدایه‎‌های قارچ .Trichoderma spp و باکتری Bacillus subtilis در فاکتورهای رشدی گوجه‌فرنگی و القا مقاومت به سفیدبالک گلخانه، Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Hem.: Aleyrodidae)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

2 موسسه تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

یکی از روش‌های موثر برای کاهش خسارت آفات، القای مقاومت در گیاهان است. در این مطالعه تاثیر القای مقاومت با استفاده از جدایه‌های بومی قارچ Trichoderma spp. و یک نمونه تجاری آن (Trichorun)، جدایه‌های بومی باکتریBacillus subtilis (Ehrenberg)  و یک نمونه تجاری آن (Serenade)، همراه با ترکیبات شیمیایی سالیسیلیک‌اسید و هیومیک‌اسید بر ترجیح میزبانی و تخم‌ریزی سفیدبالک گلخانه Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) و همچنین فاکتورهای رشدی گیاه بررسی شد. چهار آزمایش برای ارزیابی تاثیر این تیمارها روی فاکتورهای رشدی گوجه‌فرنگی رقم Vadaro 1012، سطح فنل کل، ترجیح میزبانی و تخم‌ریزی سفیدبالک در شرایط دمایی 2±25 درجه سلسیوس، رطوبت 60-70 درصد و دوره نوری 8 :16 ساعت روشنایی به تاریکی انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد تیمار ریشه گیاهان با جدایه بومی Trichoderma harzianum (Rifai) و تیمار ترکیب فرآورده‌های Trichorun با Serenade بهترین عملکرد را در رشد گیاه با افزایش معنی‌دار در حجم ریشه، وزن تر و خشک ریشه و اندام هوایی گوجه‌فرنگی نسبت به شاهد دارند. در مقایسه با شاهد، تیمار Serenade بهترین نتیجه را در سنجش فنل کل، ترجیح میزبانی و تخم‌ریزی سفیدبالک گلخانه با کاهش معنی‌دار میانگین تعداد حشرات جذب­شده به پشت برگ، میزان تخم‌گذاری در آزمون انتخابی و حشرات بالغ ظاهر شده نسل F1 در آزمون غیر انتخابی داشت. یافته‌های این پژوهش نشان داد که تلقیح ریشه‌ با جدایه‌های بومی قارچ T. harzianum و باکتری B. subtilis سبب افزایش فاکتورهای رشدی گوجه‌فرنگی، القای مقاومت نسبت به سفیدبالک گلخانه و کاهش ترجیح میزبانی و تخم‌ریزی سفید بالک شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Trichoderma spp. and Bacillus subtilis in tomato growth factors and induction of resistance to greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Hem.: Aleyrodidae)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Z. Nemati 1
  • Y. Karimpour 1
  • S. Farrokhi 2
  • S. Naeimi 2
1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
2 Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

One of the effective methods to reduce pest damage is to induce resistance in plants. This study investigated the impact of inducing resistance using indigenous isolates of Trichoderma spp. and a commercial product (Trichorun), as well as indigenous isolates of Bacillus subtilis (Ehrenberg) and a commercial product (Serenade), along with chemical compounds like Salicylic acid and Humic acid on the host preference and oviposition of the greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood), as well as on plant growth factors. Four tests were conducted to assess the effects of these treatments on the growth factors of tomato (Vadaro 1012), total phenol levels, host preference and oviposition of whitefly in the greenhouse conditions (25 ± 2°C, 60-70% RH, 16:8 h light: dark). The results indicated that the root treatment of the plants with the native strain of Trichoderma harzianum (Rifai) and the treatment of the combination of Trichorun with Serenade have the best performance in plant growth with a significant increase in the root volume, fresh and dry weight of the root and aerial parts of tomato compared to the control. Compared to control, Serenade treatment showed the best results in measuring total phenol, host preference and oviposition of whitefly in the greenhouse with a significant decrease in the average number of insects attracted to the leaf underside, and egg laying rate in the selective test and emerged adult insects in F1generation in the non-selective test.  The findings of this research showed that root inoculation with native isolates of T. harzianum fungus and B. subtilis bacteria increased tomato growth factors, induced resistance to greenhouse whitefly and reduction of host preference and oviposition of whitefly.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antagonist
  • Greenhouse whitefly
  • Host preference
  • Induced resistance

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تحقیقات آفات گیاهی
دوره 14، شماره 2
مهر 1403
صفحه 1-15

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 25 اردیبهشت 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 10 مرداد 1403
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