امکان‌سنجی تولید بلاستوسپورهای قارچ بیمارگر Beauveria bassiana روی محیط‌های کشت مایع و ارزیابی میزان زهرآگینی آن نسبت به کنه تارتن دولکه‌ای Tetranychus urticae در شرایط آزمایشگاهی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه حشره‌شناسی و بیماری‌های گیاهی، دانشکده فناوری کشاورزی ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 گروه گیاه‎پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

چکیده

در پژوهش حاضر، تأثیر استفاده از مکمل‌های غذایی مختلف بر میزان تولید بلاستوسپور قارچ بیمارگر Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. (جدایه IRAN 1395C) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در مرحله نخست، تأثیر عصاره فرآورده‌های کشاورزی مختلف مانند سبوس برنج، سبوس گندم، سبوس جو، سبوس ذرت و ضایعات سیب‌زمینی بر میزان تولید بلاستوسپور مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. یافته‌های به‌دست آمده نشان داد که محیط حاوی عصاره سبوس برنج بهترین شرایط را برای اسپورزایی فراهم نمود. سپس، مکمل‌های پروتئینی مختلف مانند پودر آب پنیر، سویا و پودر سفیده تخم مرغ با غلظت ۴ درصد به محیط کشت‌ تهیه­شده از عصاره‌ سبوس برنج اضافه شده و تأثیر آن‌ها بر میزان تولید بلاستوسپور ارزیابی شد. استفاده از این مکمل‌ها تأثیر مثبتی در افزایش میزان تولید بلاستوسپور نداشتند. در مرحله پایانی، تأثیر افزودن نمک‌های کلرید مختلف (KCl، MgCl2 و CaCl2) به محیط کشت منتخب بر افزایش میزان تولید بلاستوسپور مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. نتایج به ­دست ­آمده نشان داد که استفاده از کلرید کلسیم (CaCl2) در مقایسه با سایر نمک‌های مورد مطالعه اثربخشی بیشتری در افزایش میزان تولید بلاستوسپور داشته است. سرانجام، زهرآگینی بلاستوسپورهای به­ دست ­آمده در محیط مایع و کنیدیوم‌های برداشت­شده از محیط کشت جامد نسبت به کنه تارتن دولکه‌ای Tetranychus urticae Koch مورد مقایسه قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصل از آزمون زیست‌سنجی نشان داد که قدرت زهرآگینی بلاستوسپورهای به ­دست ­آمده در محیط مایع (LC50 = 3.29 × 106 Blastospore/ml) اختلاف معنی‌داری با کنیدیوم‌های تولید شده در محیط جامد (LC50 = 3.23 × 106 Conidium/ml) ندارد. یافته‌های حاضر حاکی از آن است که محیط‌های کشت مایع می‌توانند در توسعه برنامه‌های تولید انبوه قارچ بیمارگر B. bassiana مورد استفاده قرار گیرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Feasibility of producing blastospores of Beauveria bassiana on different liquid media and its pathogenicity against Tetranychus urticae under laboratory conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • E. Hamzehei 1
  • A. Sedaratian-Jahromi 2
  • K. Kheradmand 1
1 Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran
چکیده [English]

In the present study, the effects of different supplementary ingredients on blastospore production of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. Strain IRAN 1395C were evaluated. In the first step, effects of extracts of different agricultural products including rice bran, wheat bran, barley bran, maize bran, and potato waste on blastospore production were evaluated. Our findings revealed that the medium containing rice bran extract provides the best conditions for sporulation. Then, different supplementary proteins including whey, soybean, and egg white with a concentration of 4% were added into the rice bran medium, and their effects on blastospore production were investigated. Different proteins had no positive effects on sporulation. In the last step, effects of adding different chloride salts (KCl, MgCl2, and CaCl2) to the selected culture medium on the increase of blastospore production was studied. The results obtained indicated that use of calcium chloride (CaCl2) had the highest effectiveness on blastospore production than other salts tested. Finally, the pathogenicity of blastospores obtained from liquid medium and conidia harvested from solid culture was compared on Tetranychus urticae Koch. The bioassay output revealed no statistical differences between the pathogenicity of blastospore obtained in liquid medium (LC50 = 3.29 × 106 Blastospore/ml) with conidium produced in solid medium (LC50 = 3.23 × 106 Conidium/ml). The present findings revealed that liquid media could be so helpful for developing mass rearing programs of B. bassiana.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biological control
  • blastospore
  • entomopathogenic fungi
  • natural media
  • pathogenicity
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