بررسی اثر چند حشره کش گیاهی و عصاره فرموله شده Sophora pachycarpa روی شپشک آردآلود چای Pseudococcus viburni در شرایط آزمایشگاه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

2 موسسه علوم باغبانی سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، لاهیجان، ایران

چکیده

شپشک آردآلود چای Pseudococcus viburni  (Signoret)  یکی از آفات مهم باغ ­های چای و مرکبات در استان­ های شمال ایران است. در تحقیق حاضر اثر چند حشره­ کش با پایه گیاهی و فرمولاسیون میکروامولسیون عصاره برگ و ریشه­ Sophora pachycarpa روی شپشک چای در شرایط آزمایشگاهی به روش غوطه­ وری برگ بررسی شد. میزان LC50  حشره ­کش­ های ماترین، عصاره فلفل قرمز، اسانس دارچین و سیر، روغن چریش، صابون روغن نارگیل، روغن کرچک، عصاره فرموله ­شده برگ و ریشه گیاه S. pachycarpa و اسپیرومسیفن روی حشرات کامل شپشک آردآلود چای به ­ترتیب 2157، 1538، 2825، 5608، 4746، 6585، 4493، 5357 و 2676 میلی ­گرم ماده فرموله­ شده /لیتر محاسبه شد. همچنین میزان LC50 حشره ­کش ­ها­ی فوق روی پوره سن سوم این حشره به ­ترتیب 2188، 1555، 2809، 5559، 4703، 5842، 3457 ، 5195 و 1856 میلی ­گرم ماده فرموله­ شده/ لیتر محاسبه شد. آزمون­ های زیست­ سنجی نشان ­داد که بیشترین کارایی متعلق به حشره­ کش­ های عصاره فلفل قرمز، ماترین و اسانس دارچین و سیر بود. تیمار پوره ­های سن سوم شپشک آردآلود چای تیمار شده با حشره ­کش­ های گیاهی مورد آزمایش، فعالیت آنزیم ­های سم­ زدا از جمله آلفا- و بتا- استرازها، استیل کولین استراز، گلوتاتیون اس-ترانسفراز(GST)  و سامانه MFO را تحت تاثیر قرار داد. حشره ­کش­ های عصاره فلفل قرمز، اسانس دارچین و سیر و عصاره فرموله شده­ برگ S. pachycarpa سبب کاهش فعالیت آنزیم ­های آلفا-استراز­ها شدند. از آنجا که عصاره فلفل قرمز، ماترین و اسانس دارچین و سیر مرگ و میر قابل ملاحظه­ ای روی پوره­ ها و حشرات کامل شپشک آردآلود چای داشتند، این حشره ­کش ­ها می­ توانند در مدیریت تلفیقی شپشک آردآلود چای مدنظر قرار گیرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of some botanical insecticides and formulated extract of Sophora pachycarpa on Pseudococcus viburni under laboratory conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. َAsadi 1
  • M. Ghadamyari 1
  • S. Ramzi 2
1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
2 Tea Research center, Horticultural Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension organization (AREEO), Lahijan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Tea mealybug, Pseudococcus viburni (Signoret) is one of the important pests of tea and citrus orchards in Northern provinces of Iran. In the current study, the effect of several plant-based insecticides and microemulsion formulaion of Sophora pachycarpa leaf and root extract were investigated against tea mealybug under laboratory conditions by leaf dip method. The LC50 values of matrine, pepper extract, cinnamon and garlic essential oil, neem oil, coconut oil soap, castor oil, formulated leaf and root extracts of S. pachycarpa, and espiromesifen were determined as 2157, 1538, 2825, 5608, 4746, 6585, 4493, 5357 and 2676 mg formulated/l on adult of the tea mealybug, respectively. In addition, the LC50 of aforementioned compounds was calculated as 2188, 1555, 2809, 5559, 4703, 5842, 3457, 5195 and 1856mg formulated/l for third instar nymph of this insect, respectively. The bioassays showed that pepper extract, matrine, and cinnamon and garlic essential oil were most efficient treatments against tea mealybug. Treatments of third instar nymphs by the insecticides also affected the activity of detoxifying enzymes including alpha- and beta-esterases, acetylcholinesterase, glutathione S-transferase (GST) and MFO system. Pepper extract, cinnamon and garlic essential oil, and formulated leaf extract of S. pachycarpa decreased the activities of α-esterase. Since the pepper extract, matrine, cinnamon and garlic essential oil showed significant mortality against nymphs and adults of the tea mealybug these insecticides can be considered in the integrated management of the tea mealybug.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Botanical pesticides
  • Detoxification enzymes
  • Extract of Sophora pachycarpa
  • Toxicity

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تحقیقات آفات گیاهی
دوره 14، شماره 1
خرداد 1403
صفحه 1-17

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 11 بهمن 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 21 فروردین 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 22 فروردین 1403

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