بررسی تغییرات فصلی جمعیت شته‌های غالب مرکبات روی ارقام پرتقال تامسون ناول و نارنگی انشو در غرب مازندران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، باوی، خوزستان، ایران

2 پژوهشکده مرکبات و میوه های نیمه گرمسیری، موسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رامسر، ایران

3 گروه ژنتیک و تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، باوی، خوزستان، ایران

چکیده

تغییرات فصلی جمعیت شته‌ها روی دو گونه مهم تجاری مرکبات، پرتقال تامسون ناول و نارنگی انشو، در سال‌های 1396- 1395 در غرب استان مازندران (رامسر) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نمونه‌برداری هر 14 روز یک‌بار از فروردین 1395 تا اردیبهشت 1396 اجرا شد و از هر درخت چهار سرشاخه‌ جوان در چهار جهت جغرافیایی به طور تصادفی انتخاب و تعداد شته‌ها در زیر استریومیکروسکوپ شمارش شدند. برای تعیین رابطه بین تراکم شته و متغیرهای دما و رطوبت نسبی از ضریب همبستگی پیرسون استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که روی هر دو گونه مرکبات، اوج اول جمعیت شته‌ها در اردیبهشت ماه و اوج دوم در مهر ماه هر سال بود. همچنین، در آلودگی بین دو میزبان مرکبات به شته‌ها نیز تفاوت معنی‌دار مشاهده شد و بیشترین آلودگی روی نارنگی انشو بود. بین تراکم جمعیت گونه‌های مختلف شته روی هر دو گونه مرکبات مورد مطالعه اختلاف معنی‌داری وجود داشت. به طوری­که شته‌های سبز مرکبات Aphis spiraecola ، جالیز A. gossypii و سیاه مرکبات Toxoptera auranti به­ترتیب بیشترین فراوانی جمعیت را داشتند. تراکم جمعیت شته‌ها با دما یک همبستگی مثبت و معنی‌دار (r= 0.689, n=49, P=0.04) را نشان داد، ولی با رطوبت نسبی معنی‌دار نبود (r= 0.661, n=49, P=0.53). به‌طورکلی تغییرات جمعیت شته‌های مرکبات تحت تاثیر نوع میزبان گیاهی متفاوت بوده و گونه­های مختلف روند نوسانات جمعیت متفاوتی را از خود نشان دادند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation on seasonal population dynamics of dominant citrus aphids on Thomson Navel orange and Satsuma mandarin in West of Mazandaran province

نویسندگان [English]

  • F. Alizadeh-Kafeshani 1
  • A. Rajabpour 1
  • S. Aghajanzadeh 2
  • E. Gholamian 2
  • M. Farkhari 3
1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Bavi, Khuzestan, Iran
2 Pest section, Citrus and Subtropical Fruits Research Center, Ramsar, Mazandaran, Iran
3 Department of Genetic and Plant Productions, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Bavi, Khuzestan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Seasonal population dynamics of the aphids on two important commercial citrus species, Thomson navel orange (TNO) and Satsuma mandarin (SM) were investigated in the west of Mazandaran province, Ramsar, during 2015-2016. Samplings were performed biweekly from April 2015 to July 2016. In each sampling date, four young shoots were randomly selected from each main geographical direction of each tree and the number of aphids was counted under a stereomicroscope. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationship between aphid density and temperature and relative humidity as variables. For both species of citrus, the results showed that the first and second population peaks of the aphids occurred in May and October, respectively. Furthermore, there was a significant difference between the infestations of both citrus host plants by the aphids, with Satsuma mandarin showing more infestation. There was a significant difference among the population densities of different aphid species on both citrus species. Aphis spiraecola, Aphis gossypii, and Toxoptera aurantii had the highest population abundances, respectively. A positive and significant correlation was observed between these citrus aphid population densities and temperature (r= 0.689, n=49, P=0.04), however, the correlation was not significant for relative humidity (r= 0.661, n=49, P=0.53). In total, seasonal population dynamics of the citrus aphids were affected by the host plant species and different species showed different population fluctuation trends.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Aphis gossypii
  • Aphis spiraecola
  • seasonal population fluctuations
  • Toxoptera aurantii
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