بهینه‌سازی پایداری اسپورهای دو جدایه از قارچ بیمارگر حشرات، Beauveria bassiana، در برابر تابش اشعه فرابنفش با استفاده از فرمولاسیون نانوکامپوزیت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

2 گروه نانوفناوری، دانشکده شیمی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

چکیده

قارچ بیمارگر حشراتBeauveria bassiana  یک عامل کنترل بیولوژیک مهم و جهانی است که برای کنترل بسیاری از آفات مهم مثل شته مومی‌کلم Brevicoryne brassicae استفاده می‌شود. محدودیت عمده استفاده از این قارچ، پایداری محیطی برای شروع همه‌گیری در جمعیت­های میزبان حساس است. در پژوهش حاضر، کشندگی دو جدایه از قارچ بیمارگر حشرات B. bassiana روی حشرات کامل و پوره‌‌های سن دوم شته مومی‌کلم و پایداری قارچ بیمارگر حشرات و فرمولاسیون نانوکامپوزیت آن در برابر اشعه UV-C بررسی شد. مقدار LC50 جدایه WE209 در ماده‌های بالغ شته مومی‌کلم برابر با 105×5/2 و در جدایه WE277، 104×8/9 اسپور بر میلی‌لیتر به دست آمد. مقادیر LC50 قارچ روی پوره‌ سن دوم شته به­ترتیب 105×4/6 و 105×2/3 اسپور بر میلی‌لیتر بوده ‌است. درصد جوانه‌زنی اسپورهای قارچ هنگامی که 2 و 3 ساعت در برابر اشعه فرابنفش قرار داشتند، در جدایه WE209 در هر دو زمان برابر با صفر و در جدایه WE277 این مقدار به­ترتیب 32% و 6% بود. در حالی که در فرمولاسیون نانوکامپورزیت مبتنی بر قارچ این مقادیر به­ترتیب برای جدایه WE209، 37 % و 12% و برای جدایه WE277، 65 % و 38% بودند. این نتایج نشان داد که فرمولاسیون نانوکامپوزیت قارچ بیمارگر B. bassiana مبتنی بر مونت موریلونیت/ثعلب با پوشش اسپورهای قارچ از آن در برابر اشعه فرابنفش محافظت کرده و پایداری آن را افزایش می‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Optimizing the spores persistence of two isolates of the entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana, against ultraviolet radiation using nanocomposite formulation

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Raoofi 1
  • S. A. Safavi 1
  • M. Mahmoudian 2
1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
2 Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
چکیده [English]

The entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana is an important and universal biological control agent that is used to control many important pests such as cabbage aphid Brevicoryne brassicae. Main limitation of the use of this fungus is environmental persistence to initiate epidemics in susceptible host populations. In this research, the lethal effects of two isolates of the entomopathogenic fungus on adults and second instar nymphs of cabbage aphid and the stability of the entomopathogenic fungus and its nanocomposite formulation against UV-C radiation were investigated. The LC50 value of the cabbage aphid adults was equal to 2.5×105 in WE209 isolate and 9.8×104 spores/ml in WE277 isolate. The LC50 values in the second instar nymphs were 6.4×105 and 3.2×105 spores/ml, respectively. Spore germination after 2 and 3 h exposure to ultraviolet radiation equals to zero for both times in WE209 isolate and 6 and 32%, respectively in WE277 isolate. However, these values were 12% and 37% for WE209 and 65% and 38%, respectively for WE277 base on nanocomposite. These results showed that the nanocomposite of the entomopathogenic fungus B. bassiana based on montmorillonite/salep can be effectively used to increase the stability and as a result, increasing the virulence of the fungus.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biological control
  • cabbage aphid
  • entomopathogenic fungus
  • nanocomposite
  • UV-C radiation
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