خاصیت حشره کشی و دورکنندگی عصاره استبرق، Calotropis procera روی سفیدبالک گلخانه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

بخش گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، فارس، ایران

چکیده

با توجه به استفاده بی‌رویه از آفت‌کش‌های شیمیایی که منجر به مشکلاتی مانند مقاومت آفات به آفت‌کش‌ها و طغیان آنها شده است، استفاده از ترکیبات کم‌خطر جایگزین مانند استفاده از عصاره‌های گیاهی می‌تواند مورد توجه قرار گیرد. در این پژوهش اثر کشندگی عصاره گیاه استبرق (Aiton)  Calotropis procera به روش تماسی (غوطه‌وری برگ) روی مراحل مختلف زیستی (پوره سن یک و حشره کامل) سفید بالک گلخانه بررسی شد؛  همچنین اثر دورکنندگی تیمار مورد مطالعه در دو بازه زمانی شش و 24 ساعته روی حشرات کامل آن سنجش شد. آزمایش در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با پنج غلظت از عصاره گیاهی در چهار تکرار و در هر تکرار 20 فرد از مراحل زیستی هم‌سن (برای آزمایش کشندگی) و 50 حشره کامل هم‌سن (برای آزمایش دورکنندگی) در غلظت‌های مختلف انجام شد. در این آزمایش‌ها سفید بالک‌های گلخانه در مرحله زیستی پوره سن یک، 24 ساعت بعد از تیمار و مرحله زیستی حشره کامل، 72 ساعت بعد بررسی شدند. غلظت کشنده 50 درصد روی پوره سن یک و حشره کامل به ترتیب 110/8805 و 697/7281 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر محاسبه شد. بنابر نتایج، عصاره مذکور ترکیبی کشنده روی پوره سن یک و حشره کامل سفید بالک گلخانه بود. همچنین غلظت دورکننده 50 درصد این عصاره روی حشره کامل برابر با 593/1902 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر برآورد شد. همچنین این ترکیب برای حشرات کامل سفید بالک گلخانه بطور معنی‌داری دورکننده بود. نتایج حاصل بیانگر آن است که با افزایش غلظت، میزان تلفات و دورکنندگی نیز افزایش می‌یابد و این عصاره دارای خاصیت حشره‌کشی و دورکنندگی می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Insecticidal and repellency properties of apple of sodom, Calotropis procera extract on greenhouse whitefly

نویسندگان [English]

  • F. Bagheri
  • Z. Nouri Dehbozorg
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Fars, Iran
چکیده [English]

Indiscriminate use of chemical insecticides has caused the outbreak and resistance of pests. Plant extracts can be a suitable alternative to common pesticides today. In this research, the lethality effect of Calotropis procera plant extract was tested by the contact method (leaf dipping) on different biological stages (first-instar nymphs and adults) on the greenhouse whiteflies, as well as the repellent effect of the extract on same-age adults in two times, consist of six and 24 hours after treatment. The experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with five concentrations of plant extract in four replications and 20 same-aged individuals in each replicate (for the lethality test (and 50 same-age adults (for the repellency test (in different concentrations. In these experiments, mortality of first instar nymphs was checked after 24 and after 72 hours for adult forms. The lethal concentration of 50% on the first instar nymphs and adults were 8805.110 and 7281.697 mg/L, respectively. According to the results, this extract was a lethal compound for both tested instars of greenhouse whitefly. Also, the repellent concentration of 50% of this extract was estimated at 1902.593 mg/L in adults. The repellency effect was also significant. The results show that with an increase in concentration, mortality and repellency will increase and this extract has insecticidal and repellency properties.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Calotropis procera
  • insecticide
  • repellent
  • Trialeurodes vaporariorum
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