اثرهای کشندگی و زیرکشندگی اسانس‌های درمنه‌ی خراسانی (Artemisia khorassanica)، زیره‌ی سیاه (Carum carvi) و فلفل سیاه (Piper nigrum) روی بید سیب‌زمینی، Phthorimaea operculella

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده‌ علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 گروه علوم گیاهی، دانشکده‌ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مغان،‌ دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، ‌اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

در تحقیق حاضر اثرهای کشندگی و زیرکشندگی اسانس­ های گیاهان درمنه­ی خراسانی، زیره­ ی سیاه و فلفل سیاه روی تعدادی از پراسنجه ­های بید سیب­زمینی ارزیابی شد. غلظت­ های کشنده­ ی (LC50) اسانس ­ها روی حشره­ ی کامل آفت تعیین شدند. غلظت­های زیرکشنده­ی (LC20) اسانس­ ها موجب کاهش مقدار امید به زندگی (ex) و ایجاد تغییرات متفاوتی در نرخ زنده­ مانی (lx) و نرخ تولیدمثلی(vx) نسبت به شاهد شدند. اسانس­ درمنه ­ی خراسانی نسبت به دو اسانس دیگر به ­طور معنی ­داری باعث کاهش مقدارهای پراسنجه­ های رشد جمعیت مانند نرخ ناخالص تولیدمثل (GRR)، نرخ خالص تولیدمثل (R0)، نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت (r)، نرخ متناهی افزایش جمعیت (λ) و افزایش در میانگین مدت زمان طول یک نسل (T) شد. اسانس درمنه­ ی خراسانی بیشترین تأثیر را روی پراسنجه­ های زیستی مانند طول دوره ­های لاروی، مراحل نابالغ، طول عمر ماده، تعداد تخم­ های گذاشته شده و درصد تفریخ آن­ها داشت. اسانس­ درمنه ­ی خراسانی باعث کاهش معنی ­داری در مقادیر ذخایر پروتئین (86/20 ± 2/489 میکروگرم بر شفیره)، لیپید (70/48 ± 4/812 میکروگرم بر شفیره) و گلیکوژن (51/5 ± 4/96 میکروگرم بر شفیره) شفیره­ ها در مقایسه با شاهد (به ­ترتیب 38/28 ± 8/606، 97/54 ± 8/941 و 09/15 ± 4/150 میکروگرم بر شفیره) شد. بررسی اجزای شیمیایی اسانس ­ها نشان داد که ترکیبات کامفور و 8،1- سینئول در درمنه‌ی خراسانی و 2- متیل-3- فنیل پروپان در زیره‌‌ی سیاه و فلفل سیاه بیشترین مقدار را داشتند. با توجه به اثرهای کشندگی و زیرکشندگی اسانس­ ها روی بید سیب­زمینی، انجام تحقیقات تکمیلی جهت مدیریت آفت پیشنهاد می­­­­­­­­­­­­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Lethal and sublethal effects of essential oils of Artemisia khorassanica Podi, Carum carvi L., and Piper nigrum L. on the potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller)

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Nedaei 1
  • G. Nouri–Ganbalani 1
  • , H. Rafiee–Dastjerdi 1
  • A. Ebadollahi 2
1 Department of Plant Protection, College of Agricultural Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
2 Department of Plant Sciences, Moghan College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده [English]

      In the present study, lethal and sublethal effects of essential oils of Artemisia khorassanica Podi, Carum carvi L. and Piper nigrum L. was assessed on number of parameters of Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller). The lethal concentrations (LC50) of essential oils were determined on the adults. Sublethal concentration (LC20) of essentials decreased the amount of life expectancy (ex), and showed different changes on the survival rate (lx) and reproductive value (vx) in comparison with the control. A. khorassanica essential oil in comparison with two the other essential oils decreased the population growth parameters such as gross reproduction rate (GRR), net reproduction rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (r), and finite rate of increase (λ) and increased the mean generation time (T) significantly. The essential oil of A. khorassanica had the most effective on biological parameters such as larval duration, immature stages, female longevity, the fecundity and fertility. The essential oil of A. khorassanica decreased the amounts of pupal protein (489.2 ± 20.86 µg/pupa), lipid (812.40 ± 48.70 μg/pupa) and glycogen (96.4 ± 5.51 µg/pupa) of pupae compared with the control (606.8 ± 28.38, 941.80 ± 54.97 and 150.40 ± 15.09 µg/pupa, respectively). Chemical composition analysis of the essential oils showed that camphor and 1,8-cineol in A. khorassanica and 2-methyl-3-phenyle propane in C. carvi and P. nigrum had the most amount. Considering the lethal and sublethal effects of essential oils, performing additional research achieving their application in the management of pest is recommended.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Botanical essential oils
  • lethal effects
  • sub-lethal
  • Phthorimaea operculella

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تحقیقات آفات گیاهی
دوره 10، شماره 4
اسفند 1399
صفحه 41-57

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 04 اسفند 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 04 اسفند 1399

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