طراحی تله پیشرفته رهاسازی اسپور قارچ Metarhizium anisopliae برای کنترل سوسک شاخدار خرما Oryctes elegans

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، پژوهشکده خرما و میوه‌های گرمسیری

چکیده

هدف از انجام این پژوهش، بررسی امکان استفاده از تله برای رهاسازی Metarhizium anisopliae Metsch در جمعیت سوسک شاخدار خرما Oryctes elegans Prell بود. ساختار مورد استفاده در تله شامل بخش جذب­کننده، صفحات متوقف‌کننده، قیف جمع‌کننده و محفظه تله بود. برای بررسی ترکیبات مختلف فرومونی و غذایی در میزان شکار تله، سه تیمار با سه تکرار شامل فرمون تجمعی، تلفیقی (فرمون تجمعی و جاذب غذایی) و جاذب غذایی شامل 20 گرم بافت مریستم نخل خرما در نظر گرفته شدند. برای رسیدن به بیشینه­ی کارایی تله در تلقیح حشرات کامل، مدت زمان باقی ماندن حشرات کامل در اتاقک تلقیح و غلظت مایع تلقیح استاندارد شد. برای این منظور، 5 بازه­ی زمانی 20، 30، 40، 50 و 60 ثانیه و 5 غلظت 104، 105، 106، 107 و 108میلی­لیتر در لیتر در نظر گرفته شد. اندازه نهایی تله 650×350×350 میلی‌متر با استفاده از روش‌های معمول کارگاهی ساخته شد. نتایج نشان داد که نوع ماده جلب­کننده دارای تاثیر معنی‌داری روی شکار حشرات کامل توسط تله بود. بیشترین میزان شکار حشرات در تلفیق فرمون تجمعی با مریستم خرما و کمترین آن در مریستم مغز خرما به تنهایی بود و بیشترین میزان شکار در ساعت 8 غروب مشاهده شد. مناسب­ترین زمان و غلظت برای بیشترین  تلقیح حشرات کامل نر و ماده به­ترتیب معادل 3/54 و 7/55 ثانیه و 104×14/4 و 104× 36/4 اسپور در میلی­لیتر بود. نتایج تحقیق حاضر نشان داد که تله هوشمند رهاسازی M. anisopliae به عنوان عامل بیمارگر جمعیت سوسک شاخ دار خرما در شرایط آزمایشگاهی از کارایی لازم برخودار است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Advanced trap design of Metarhizium anisopliae spore release for controlling date palm horned beetle Oryctes elegans

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Latifian
  • A. Mostaan
Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Horticulture Science Research Institute, Date Palm and Tropical Research Center
چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of traps for releasing Metarhizium anisopliae Metsch in a population of date palm horned beetle Oryctes elegans Prell. The structure used in the trap consisted of an absorber section, stopper plates, pickup hopper, and trap chamber. In order to study different pheromone and dietary compounds in the trap predation rate, three treatments in three replications were cumulative pheromone, integration (cumulative pheromone and nutrient absorber) and nutrient absorber containing 20 g of date palm meristem. Insect retention time and concentration of inoculum were standardized to achieve maximum trap efficiency in adult insemination. Hence, five times of 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 seconds and 5 concentrations of 104, 105, 106, 107 and 108 spore/mL were considered. The final dimensions of 350×350×650 mm trap were made using standard workshop methods. The results showed that the type of attractant had significant effects on trapping efficiency of adults. The highest rate of insect trapping was observed in the combination of cumulative pheromone and date meristem and the lowest was found in the date meristem alone. The highest rate of trapping occurred at 8 pm. The best time and concentration for maximum male and female inoculation were 54.3 and 55.7 seconds as well as 4.14×104 and 4.36 104 104 spores/ml, respectively. The results of the present research showed that the smart releasing trap of M. anisopliae as a pathogenic agent of the population of palm horned beetles possess the required efficiency in laboratory conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Metarhizium anisopliae
  • Oryctes elegans
  • advanced trap
  • trapping and releasing
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