بررسی امکان کنترل هم‌زمان پسیل زیتون Euphyllura straminea Loginova و سپردار بنفش زیتون Parlatoria oleae Colvee در منطقه طارم استان زنجان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 بخش تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان زنجان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، زنجان، ایران

2 ایستگاه تحقیقات زیتون طارم، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان زنجان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، طارم، ایران

چکیده

در شهرستان طارم، استان زنجان، سپردار بنفش زیتون Parlatoria oleae Colvee و پسیل زیتون Euphyllura straminea Loginova از آفات مهم درختان زیتون می‌باشند. بر اساس پژوهش­های سال­های گذشته، برای کنترل این آفات، استفاده از روغن زمستانه توصیه شده است. با توجه به گزارش­هایی مبنی بر عدم کارایی روغن زمستانه در کنترل سپردارها و پسیل زیتون، این پژوهش به منظور ارزیابی نتایج یافته‌های پیشین و بررسی امکان کنترل هم­زمان سپردار و پسیل زیتون با کمترین تعداد دفعات سم­­پاشی اجرا شد. آزمایش در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با آرایش کرت­های خرد شده با عامل اصلی زمان، محلول پاشی در سه سطح 1- محلول پاشی زمستانه، 2- محلول پاشی زمستانه + محلول پاشی بهاره و 3- محلول پاشی بهاره و عامل فرعی نوع محلول پاشی در چهار سطح: 1- روغن زمستانه با غلظت 2 درصد، 2- روغن زمستانه با غلظت 5/1 درصد + حشره کش کلرپایریفوس با غلظت 2 در هزار، 3- حشره کش کلرپایریفوس با غلظت 2 در هزار و 4- شاهد بدون اعمال عملیات کنترلی)، با چهار تکرار انجام شد. یک مرحله نمونه­برداری قبل از اعمال تیمارها و سه مرحله نمونه­برداری در 14، 21 و 28 روز پس از اعمال تیمارها انجام شد و تعداد حشرات زنده و مرده شمارش شدند. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده، کاربرد مخلوط روغن زمستانه + حشره‌کش کلرپایریفوس موجب 25/94 و 100 درصد تلفات و حشره‌کش کلرپایریفوس موجب 75/85 و 100 درصد تلفات به­ ترتیب روی سپردار بنفش زیتون و پسیل زیتون به­ صورت کاربرد در زمستان (ترجیحا نیمه دوم اسفند در شرایط اقلیمی طارم) شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Studying on possibility of simultaneous control of olive psyllid, Euphyllura straminea Loginova and olive soft scale, Parlatoria oleae Colvee in Tarom region of Zanjan province

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Marouf 1
  • S. H. Nazer Kakhki 1
  • Sh. Najafi 1
  • S. E. Shafiei 2
  • A. Abdollahi 2
1 Plant Protection Department, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Zanjan province, Zanjan, Iran
2 Olive Research Station of Tarom, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Zanjan province, Zanjan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Olive soft scales Euphyllura straminea Loginova and olive psyllid Euphyllura straminea Loginova are important pests of olive trees in Tarom region of Zanjan province. The use of dormant oil in winter to control of these pests is recommended based on research done in the past years. Due to reports of inefficiency of dormant oil for the control of olive soft scales and olive psyllid, this project was conducted to evaluate the results of previous findings as well as to evaluate the possibility of simultaneous control olive soft scales and olive psyllid. Experiment was carried out based on RCBD with split plot arrangement in four replications. Main factor was time of application in three levels:  1- winter 2- winter + spring and 3- spring and sub-factor was type of spraying solution in four levels:  1- dormant oil, 2- mixture of oil (1.5%) + chlorpyrifos (0.2%), 3- chlorpyrifos (0.2%), and 4- control treatment. Sampling was performed once before and 3 times including 2, 3 and 4 weeks after treatments and subsequently number of alive and dead specimens were counted. Based on results, the mixture of oil + chlorpyrifos caused 94.25 and 100% mortality and chlorpyrifos caused 85.75 and 100% mortality on olive soft scales and olive psyllid respectively in winter (preferably the second half of March in Tarom climatic conditions).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Olive pests
  • oil spraying
  • chemical control
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