تأثیر قارچ بیمارگر Beauveria bassiana بر ترجیح و رفتار سویچینگ کنه شکارگر Phytoseiulus persimilis (Acari: Phytoseiidae)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

چکیده

کنه­ تارتن دولکه ­ای، Tetranychus urticae Koch، از جمله مهم­ ترین آفات گیاهی است که تکیه­ بیش از حد به سموم شیمیایی به­ منظور کنترل آن، عوارض جبران‌ناپذیر زیادی به­ دنبال داشته است. استفاده از دشمنان طبیعی روش مناسبی جهت کاهش تأثیر نامطلوب روش­ های قبلی تلقی می شود. در پژوهش حاضر، غلظت کشنده­ LC50 (107 × 3/1 اسپور/میلی‌لیتر) از جدایه­ MZ قارچ بیمارگر Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. روی رفتارهای شکارگری انتخابی و غیرانتخابی، ترجیح تغذیه­ ای و سویچینگ کنه­ شکارگر Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot با تغذیه از مراحل مختلف رشدی کنه تارتن دولکه ­ای (تخم، لارو، پروتونمف، دئوتونمف، بالغ نر و ماده) در شرایط آزمایشگاهی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. در آزمون شکارگری غیرانتخابی و در غیاب بیمارگر B. bassiana، بیش­ترین میزان تغذیه از مرحله‌ تخم طعمه مشاهده شد (57/0 ± 22/15 تخم). با حضور قارچ بیمارگر، بیش‌ترین میزان تغذیه روی لاروهای کنه‌ تارتن دولکه­ ای ثبت شد (64/0 ± 90/4 لارو). در آزمون شکارگری انتخابی و در نبود بیمارگر، بیش­ترین میزان تغذیه از مرحله­ تخم مشاهده شد (56/0 ± 75/14 تخم). در شرایط حضور بیمارگر نیز بیش‌ترین میزان تغذیه از لاروهای طعمه ثبت شد (53/0 ± 90/9 لارو). بیش­ترین مقدار محاسبه شده شاخص بتای منلی در شرایط عدم حضور قارچ بیمارگر B. bassiana روی مرحله تخم (03/0 ± 89/0) و پس از تیمار مراحل مختلف رشدی طعمه با استفاده از بیمارگر مورد مطالعه، روی مرحله لاروی مشاهده شد (05/0 ± 61/0). رفتار سویچینگ در کنه شکارگر P. persimilis در هر دو شرایط حضور و عدم حضور قارچ بیمارگر مشاهده نشد. نتایج حاصل از پژوهش حاضر مؤید آن است که در استفاده­‌ هم‌زمان دو عامل بیولوژیک باید توجه بیش‌تری به ارزیابی برهمکنش میان آن­ها معطوف شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of Beauveria bassiana on preference and switching behavior in Phytoseiulus persimilis (Acari: Phytoseiidae)

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Zamanpour
  • A. Sedaratian-Jahromi
  • H. Mohammadi
  • M. Ghane-Jahromi
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran
چکیده [English]

The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, is one of the most important phytophagous pests where high reliance on chemical pesticides to subsidize its population density resulted in undesirable effects. The use of natural enemies could be considered promising in reducing the negative impacts of earlier methods. In the present study, the LC50 (1.3 × 107 spore/ml) of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. (strain MZ) was used in on a choice and no-choice predation test, feeding preference and switching behavior of predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot feeding on different life stages of the two-spotted spider mite (egg, larvae, protonymph, deutonymph, adult male and adult female) in laboratory condition. According to results obtained, in no-choice test (i.e. without B. bassiana), the highest predation rate of predatory mite was observed to egg stage (15.22 ± 0.57 egg). In the test (with B. bassiana), the highest predation rate was recorded on the larvae of T. urticae (4.90 ± 0.64 larvae). In choice test (without B. bassiana), the highest predation was observed on egg stage (14.75 ± 0.56 egg). In the test (with B. bassiana), the highest predation was recorded on larvae (9.90 ± 0.53 larvae). The highest calculated value of Manly’s β index (without B. bassiana) was obtained on egg stage (0.89 ± 0.03). The estimated value of this parameter after treatment of different stages of prey with B. bassiana had the highest value on larval stage (0.61 ± 0.05). Switching behavior of P. persimilis was not observed in both with and without B. bassiana conditions. The present findings revealed that while using two natural enemies simultaneously, more attention should be devoted to evaluate their possible interactions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Interactions
  • natural enemies
  • foraging behaviors
  • Manly’s β index

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تحقیقات آفات گیاهی
دوره 9، شماره 1
خرداد 1398
صفحه 75-93

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 11 دی 1348
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 11 دی 1348

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