ترجیح طعمه و سوئیچینگ بالتوری سبز Chrysoperla carnea روی شته‌ی سبز مرکبات Aphis spiraecola و شته‌ی جالیز Aphis gossypii

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

بالتوری سبزChrysoperla carnea  یکی از دشمنان طبیعی است که به آفات مختلف گیاهان زراعی و باغی حمله می­کند. ترجیح غذایی دشمنان طبیعی یکی از مهم­ترین معیارهایی است که در بررسی کارایی آن­ها مورد استفاده قرار می­ گیرد. در این بررسی، ترجیح غذایی و سوئیچینگ لاروهای سن دوم و سوم بالتوری سبز روی شته­ ی سبز مرکبات، Aphis spiraecola و شته­ ی­ جالیز، Aphis gossypii مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. آزمایش روی برگ پرتقال، رقم تامسون ناول، در اتاقک رشد در دمای 2±27 درجه­ ی سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5±65 درصد و دوره­ ی نوری 16 ساعت روشنایی و 8 ساعت تاریکی انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که وقتی شته ­ی سبز مرکبات یا شته ­ی جالیز به تنهایی در اختیار لاروهای سن دوم و سوم شکارگر قرار گرفت، نرخ شکارگری لاروها روی شته­ ی جالیز در مقایسه با شته­ ی سبز مرکبات بیشتر بود. در آزمایش سوئیچینگ، ارائه­ ی ترکیب­ های مختلفی از شته­ ی جالیز: شته ­ی سبز مرکبات تفاوت معنی ­داری در میزان تغذیه­ ی لاروهای بالتوری سبز ایجاد کرد. در ترکیب­ های مختلف طعمه، تغذیه ­ی لاروهای سن دوم و سوم شکارگر از شته ­ی سبز مرکبات به ترتیب بین 90/7 تا 10/21 و 70/15 تا 00/31 و از شته ­ی جالیز به ترتیب بین 60/14 تا 60/29 و 50/24 تا 20/38 عدد متغیر بود. مقدار شاخص ترجیح منلی در نسبت مساوی شته­ ی جالیز:شته­ی سبز مرکبات برای لارو سن دوم و سوم شکارگر به ترتیب 632/0: 368/0 و 647/0: 353/0 محاسبه شد که نشان دهنده­ ی ترجیح لاروها به شته­ ی جالیز بود. این تحقیق نشان داد که نوع طعمه و تراکم آن روی ویژگی ­های رفتاری لاروهای بالتوری سبز موثر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Prey preference and switching of the green lacewing Chrysoperla carnea on the citrus aphid Aphis spiraecola and the melon aphid Aphis gossypii

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Moradi
  • M. Hassanpour
  • A. Golizadeh
  • S. A. A. Fathi
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده [English]

The green lacewing Chrysoperla carnea is one of the natural enemies, which attacks various pests on crops and orchards. Feeding preference of natural enemies is one of the most important criteria used in evaluation of their efficiency. In this research, feeding preferences and switching of the second and third instar larvae of C. carnea were studied on the citrus aphid, Aphis spiraecola and the melon aphid, Aphis gossypii. The experiments were carried out on orange leaves in a growth chamber at 27±2°C, 65±5% RH and a photoperiod of 16L: 8D h. The results showed that when A. spiraecola or A. gossypii were separately offered to the second and third instar larvae of predator, the predation rate was higher on A. gossypii compared to A. spiraecola. Providing different combinations of A. gossypii: A. spiraecola significantly affected the consumption of C. carnea larvae in switching experiment. In different combinations, the consumption of the second and third instar larvae of the predator varied from 7.90 to 21.10 and from 15.70 to 31.00 on A. spiraecola, and from 14.60 to 29.60 and from 24.50 to 38.20 on A. gossypii, respectively. The values of Manly’s preference index in equal ratios of A. gossypii: A. spiraecola were calculated 0.632:0.368 and 0.647:0.353 for second and third larval instars, respectively, showing the preference of the larvae to A. gossypii. The results of the present study showed that the types 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • biological control
  • predator-prey interaction
  • choice and no-choice tests
  • preference index

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تحقیقات آفات گیاهی
دوره 8، شماره 4
اسفند 1397
صفحه 43-54

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 22 اسفند 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 22 اسفند 1397

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