بررسی میزان سازگاری برخی از اسانس های گیاهی با قارچ بیمارگر حشرات Beauveria bassiana علیه سوسک چهارنقطه ای حبوبات (Callosobruchus maculatus (Col.: Bruchidae

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان، تبریز

2 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان، تبریز

3 گروه شیمی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان، تبریز

چکیده

به­ منظور ارزیابی میزان سازگاری چند اسانس گیاهی با قارچ بیمارگر حشرات Beauveria bassiana در کاربرد توأم علیه سوسک چهارنقطه ­ای حبوبات، این پژوهش طراحی و اجرا شد. تاثیر کشندگی سه اسانس شامل جعفری Petroselinum sativum، مرزه‌ سهندی Satureja sahendica  و گلپر ایرانی Heracleum persicum  روی حشرات کامل Callosobruchus maculatus ارزیابی شد. هم­چنین میزان فعالیت زیستی دو جدایه IS-1 و IS-75 از قارچ B. bassiana در کنترل آفت به­ صورت جدا و نیز در درتلفیق با اسانس‌های فوق مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد در بین اسانس ­های گیاهی، اسانس مرزه‌ سهندی سمی‌ترین ترکیب روی حشرات کامل بوده و جدایه IS-75 قارچ در کاربرد به­ صورت تنها، زهرآگینی بیش­تری نسبت به جدایه IS-1 دارد. نتایج مربوط به درصد بازدارندگی از اسپورزایی و رشد میسلیومی قارچ نشان داد اسانس جعفری با 100 درصد بازدارندگی به­ طور کامل مانع از رشد رویشی و اسپورزایی این قارچ شد و اسانس مرزه‌ سهندی با 24 درصد بازدارندگی سازگاری بیش­تری نسبت به دو اسانس دیگر با قارچ عامل بیمارگر داشت. کاربرد توأم هر سه اسانس گیاهی و قارچ IS-75 در غلظت­ های کشنده و زیرکشنده نشان داد که اسانس گلپر ایرانی کم­ترین مقدار LT50 در اختلاط با این قارچ را دارد. برهمکنش اسانس- بیمارگر در اختلاط غلظت­ های زیرکشنده هر یک از اسانس­ های گیاهی با جدایه IS-75 قارچ نشان داد که فقط اختلاط مقادیر LC25 هر یک از عوامل دارای اثر هم­ افزایی در افزایش درصد مرگ و میر در جمعیت حشرات کامل بوده و سایر اختلاط­ های زیرکشنده، دارای اثرات تجمعی و یا آنتاگونیستی بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Compatibility of some plant essential oils in combination with the entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana against Callosobruchus maculatus (Col.: Bruchidae)

نویسندگان [English]

  • R. Hosseinzadeh 1
  • A. Mehrvar 2
  • N. Eivazian Kary 1
  • H. Valizadeh 3
1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz
2 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz
3 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz
چکیده [English]

This study was conducted to evaluate the compatibility of some plant essential oils in combination with entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana against Callosobruchus maculatus. Lethal effects of three essential oils including Petroselinum sativum, Satureja sahendica and Heracleum persicum against the adults of C. maculatus were studied. The biological activity of two fungal isolates, IS-1 and IS-75, as alone and in combination with the essential oils for insect pest control was evaluated. Results showed that S. sahendica essential oil was the most toxic agent on adults than other oils, and IS-75 isolate showed more virulence against the pest compared to IS-1 when applied alone. Results of percent inhibition of sporulation and mycelial growth of the fungus showed P. sativum essential oil with 100 percent inhibition completely inhibited fungal growth and sporulation and S. sahendica essential oil with 24 percent inhibition had more compatibility compared to two other essential oils. Combined application of three essential oils and IS-75 isolate of the fungus in lethal and sublethal concentrations showed that H. persicum essential oil has the least LT50 value in combination with the fungus.Essential oil-pathogen interactions of sublethal concentrations of plant essential oils and IS-75 fungal isolate revealed that the synergistic effects on percent adults’ mortality only belongs to the combination of LC25 concentrations of each of the agents, and other sublethal combinations had additive and antagonistic effects.  

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Plant essential oils
  • Entomopathogenic fungus
  • Synergistic ratio
  • Callosobruchus maculatus
Abbasipour, H., Mahmoudvand, M., Rastegar, F. and Hosseinpour, M. H. 2011. Fumigant toxicity and oviposition deterrency of the essential oil from cardamom, Elettaria cardamomum, against three stored product insects. Journal of Insect Science 11(165): 1-10.
Abbott, W. S. 1925. A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. Journal of Economic Entomology 18: 265-267.
Akbar, W., Lord, J. C., Nechols, J. R. and Loughin, T. M. 2005. Efficacy of Beauveria bassiana for red flour beetle when applied with plant essential oils or in mineral oil and organosilicon carriers. Journal of Economic Entomology 98(3): 683-688.
Ajayi, O. E., Appel, A. G. and Fadamiro, H. Y. 2011. Fumigation toxicity of essential oil monoterpenes to Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae). Journal of Insects Hindawi Publishing Corporation 917212: 1-7.
Borgio, J. F., Bency, B. J. and Sharma, N. 2008. Compatibility of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. with Ocimum sanctum Linn. (Tulsi) (Lamiaceae) extracts. Ethnobotanical Leaflets 12: 698-704.
Cherry, A. J., Abalo, P. and Hell, K. 2005. A laboratory assessment of the potential of different strains of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) to control Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) in stored cowpea. Journal of Stored Products Research 41: 295-309.
Ebadollahi, A., Davari, M., Razmjou, J. and Naseri, B. 2017. Separate and combined effects of Mentha piperata and Mentha pulegium essential oils and a pathogenic fungus Lecanicillium muscarium against Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Journal of Economic Entomology 110(3): 1025-1030.
Faraji, S., Derakhshan Shadmehri, A. and Mehrvar, A. 2016. Compatibility of entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae with some pesticides. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran 36(2): 137-146.
Griffin, D. H. 1994. Fungal Physiology. 2nd ed. Wiley-Liss, New York, USA.
Hassanpouraghdam, M. B., Shalamzari, M. S., Azami, M. A. and Shoja, A. M.  2009. γ-Terpinene and carvacrol rich volatile oil of Satureja sahendica Bornm. from Maragheh district in Northwest Iran. Chemija 20(3): 186-189.
Hirose, E., Neves, P. M. O. J., Zequi, J. A. C, Martins, L. H., Peralta, C. H. and Moino, J. A. 2001. Effect of biofertilizers and neem oil on the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana (Bals.)Vuill. and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch) Sorok. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 44(4): 419-423.
Huixing, L., Ruhai, L., Mushan, W., Pinyan, Y., Zhiguo, K. and Yusheng, N. 1998. Effect of 25 plant essential oils against Callosobruchus maculatus. Proceedings of the 7th International Working Conference on Stored-Product Protection, 14-19 October 1998, Beijing, China.
Isman, M. B. 2000.Plant essential oils for pest and disease management. Crop Protection 19: 603-608.
Isman, M. B. 2006.Botanical insecticides, deterrents, and repellents in modern agriculture and an increasingly regulated world. Annual Review of Entomology 51: 45-66.
Jibrin, D. M., Abdullah, J. and Ibrahim, U. 2013. Evaluation of some plant products for the control of the cowpea weevil (Callosobruchus maculatus). American-Eurasian Journal of Agriculture & Environmental Sciences 13(5): 673-676.
Khani, A. and Asghari, J. 2011. Insecticide activity of essential oils of Mentha longifolia, Pulicaria gnaphalodes and Achillea wilhelmsii against two stored product pests, the flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, and the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus. Journal of Insect Science 12(73): 1-10.
Lee, S., Lee, B., Choi, W., Park, B., Kim, J. and Campbell, B. 2001.Fumigant toxicity of volatile natural products from Korean spices and medicinal plants towards the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L). PestManagement Science 57: 548-553.
Mahdneshin, Z., Vojoudi, S., Ghosta, Y., Safaralizadae, M. H. and Saber, M. 2011. Laboratory evaluation of the entomopathogenic fungi, Iranian isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch) Sorokin against the control of the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus F. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). African Journal of Microbiology Research 5(29): 5215-5220.
Moharramipour, S. and Sahaf, B. Z. 2006. Insecticidal activity of essential oil from Vitex pseudo-negundo against Brevicoryne brassicae. Proceedings of the Meeting on Integrated Control in Protected Crops of Mediterranean Climate, Murcia, Spain. pp. 14-18.
Neves, P. M. O. J., Hirose, E., Tchujo, P. T. and Moino, A. 2001. Compatibility of entomopathogenic fungi with neonicotinoid insecticides. Journal of Neotropical Entomology 30(2): 263-268.
Park, C., Kim, S. and Ahn, Y. J. 2003.Insecticidal activity of asarones identified in Acorus gramineus rhizome against three coleopteran stored-product insects. Stored Products Research 39: 332-342.
Pascual-Villalobos, M. J. and Ballesta-Acosta, M. C. 2003. Chemical variation in an Ocimum basilicum germplasm collection and activity of essential oils on Callosobruchus maculatus. BiochemicalSystematics and Ecology 31(7): 673-679.
Tajick Ghanbalani, M. A., Asgharzadeh, A., Hadizadeh, A. R. and Mohammadi Sharif, M. 2009. A quick method forMetarhizium anisopliae isolation from cultural soils. American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science 4(2): 152-155.
Tanada, Y. and Kaya, H. 1993. Insect pathology. Academic Press, USA.
Tong, F. 2010. Investigation of mechanisms of action of monoterpenoid insecticides on insect gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Ph.D. dissertation, Iowa State University.