ترجیح مرحله طعمه و واکنش تابعی کفشدوزک Hyperaspis polita با تغذیه از شپشک Nipaecoccus viridis

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

چکیده

شپشک آردآلود جنوب (Nipaecoccus viridis (Newstead یکی از مهم‌ترین آفات مرکبات در دنیا است که از نظر اقتصادی اهمیت ویژه‌ای داشته و در جنوب ایران و به ویژه خوزستان نیز فعال می­باشد. در این پژوهش ترجیح مراحل مختلف سنی طعمه و واکنش تابعی در کفشدوزک Hyperaspis polita Weise با تغذیه از شپشک آردآلود جنوب در دمای 1±30 درجه سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5±65 درصد و دوره روشنایی: تاریکی 10:14 مطالعه شد. نتایج نشان داد تخم شپشک طعمه ترجیحی غالب این شکارگر بود و کم­ترین ترجیح به حشرات کامل ماده شپشک نشان داده شد. برازش رگرسیون لجستیک لارو سن چهار، حشره کامل ماده و نر کفشدوزک با تغذیه از طعمه ترجیحی یعنی تخم شپشک آردآلود جنوب نشان داد که واکنش تابعی آن­ ها به ترتیب از نوع دوم، دوم و سوم بود. با استفاده از معادله‌ راجرز قدرت جستجوگری (a) لارو سن چهار و حشره کامل ماده به ترتیب 2553/0 و 1983/0 در ساعت تعیین شد. ضریب ثابت (b) برای حشره کامل نر نیز 00405/0 بود. کم­ترین زمان دستیابی (Th) به تخم شپشک در لارو سن چهار کفشدوزک (0881/0 ساعت) و بیش­ترین آن در حشره کامل نر کفشدوزک (3101/0 ساعت) بود. بیش­ترین نرخ شکارگری (T/Th) یا نسبت کل زمان آزمایش به زمان دستیابی در لارو سن چهار کفشدوزک 51/298 تخم در روز و کم­ترین آن در حشره کامل نر کفشدوزک 39/77 تخم در روز محاسبه شد. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده به نظر می ­رسد که کفشدوزک  H. polita توانایی کافی برای کنترل شپشک آرد آلود جنوب را داشت. با این حال، باید مطالعات تکمیلی در طبیعت و در مقایسه با سایر شکارگرهای موجود انجام شود. 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Prey stage preference and functional response of the coccinellid Hyperaspis polita, feeding on the mealybug Nipaecoccus viridis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Z. Farhadi
  • M. Esfandiari
  • M. S. Mossadegh
  • P. Shishehbor
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

The spherical mealybug, Nipaecoccus viridis (Newstead) is one of the major citrus pests with economic importance in the world which also occurs in southern Iran, including Khuzestan province. In this research, prey stage preference and functional response of the coccinellid Hyperaspis polita Weise feeding on N. viridis were studied at 30 ± 1°C, 65 ± 5% RH and a photoperiod of 14:10 (L:D) h. Results indicated that the eggs of mealybug were preferred more than any other stages by most stages of H. polita, whereas adult females were less preferred. Results of logistic regression for 4th larval stage, adult female and adult male of ladybeetles by feeding on mealybug eggs, the preferred stage, revealed functional response type II, II and III, respectively. The searching efficiency (a) for 4th instar larvae and adult females were 0.2553 and 0.1983 h-1, respectively, using Rogers equations. Constant coefficient (b) for adult males was estimated to be 0.00405. The minimum handling time (Th) was estimated to be 0.0881 for 4th instar larvae and maximum was 0.3101 for adult males of ladybeetles. The maximum theoretical predation rate (T/Th) was calculated as 298.51 eggs/day by 4th instar larvae and minimum was 77.39 eggs/day by adult males. According to our results, it seems that H. polita has the potential for biological control of N. viridis. Nevertheless, additional field investigations of H. polita and comparison to other available predators would be necessary. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • biological control
  • predator – prey interaction
  • logistic regression
  • spherical mealybug
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