تاثیر چند اسانس و عصارة گیاهی میکرو و نانوامولسیون‌شده روی سفیدبالک پنبه، (Gennadius) Bemisia tabaci، در شرایط آزمایشگاه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، پردیس دانشگاهی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

2 مرکزتحقیقات گیاهان دارویی باریج، کاشان، ایران

3 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

چکیده

       یکی از آفات مهم محصولات کشاورزی، سفیدبالک پنبه Bemisia tabaci می‌باشد. هرچند برخی اسانس­ها و عصاره‌های گیاهی خواص حشره­کشی مطلوبی علیه این آفت نشان داده‌اند، اما این ترکیبات با توجه به فرّاربودن و ناپایداری، کمتر به صورت عملی و تجاری درآمده‌اند. در این مطالعه، به منظور افزایش کارایی و دوام اسانس­های رزماریRosmarinus officinalis ، نعناع فلفلی Mentha piperita، اکالیپتوسglobules Eucalyptus و عصاره آویشن باغی Thymus vulgaris به صورت میکرو و نانوامولسیون فرموله ‌شد و کارایی حشره‌کشی و دوام این ترکیبات روی سفیدبالک پنبه در شرایط آزمایشگاه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. آزمون­های زیست‌سنجی به روش غوطه­ورسازی برگ­های حاوی پوره سن دوم انجام و مقادیر LC50 ، LC90  و LT50  تخمین زده شد. همچنین نسبت تبدیل پوره سن دو زنده به حشره کامل زنده و میزان تخم‌گذاری (اثر زیرکشندگی) در مقایسه با صابون گیاهی پالیزین®، آب مقطر و شاهد (بدون هیچ تیماری) تعیین شد. نتایج نشان داد که تیمار نانوامولسیون محتوی مجموع اسانس‌های موردآزمون با LC50، LC90 ، LT50 به­ترتیب 7454/0 و 1208/3 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر و 92/15 ساعت بیشترین تاثیر را روی این آفت داشت. همچنین این تیمار با نسبت تبدیل پوره سن دو به حشره کامل برابر با 80 درصد و میانگین 33/191 تخم بیشترین اثربخشی را داشت. پس از آن تیمار میکروامولسیون محتوی مجموع اسانس‌ها و عصاره فوق نیز اثرات قابل‌قبولی داشت. این دو تیمار به عنوان ترکیبات امیدبخش شناخته شده و می‌توانند با انجام آزمون­های تکمیلی به عنوان یک فراوردة کاربردی در مدیریت تلفیقی این آفت مورد استفاده قرار گیرند. 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of some micro and nanoemulsified essential oils and plant extract on sweet potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), under laboratory condition

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Bolandnazar 1 2
  • M. Ghadamyari 3
  • M. Memarzadeh 2
  • J. Jalali sandi 3
1 Department of plant protection, University Campus, University of Guilan, Rasht. Iran|Barij Medicinal Plants Research Centre, Kashan, Iran
2 Department of plant protection, University Campus, University of Guilan, Rasht. Iran|Barij Medicinal Plants Research Centre, Kashan, Iran
3 Department of plant protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht. Iran
چکیده [English]

     One of the most important pests of agricultural crops is sweet potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci. Although some essential oils and plant extracts have shown suitable insecticidal properties against this pest, because of considering the high volatility and instability of essential oils, application of these substances for pests control is not practically and commercially possible. In this study, essential oils of Rosmarinus officinalis, Mentha piperita and Eucalyptus globules and extract of Thymus vulgaris, formulated based on micro and nano-emulsion and their insecticidal efficiency and stability was tetted agianst B. tabaci in laboratory condition. Bioassay was carried out by leaf dip method on second instar nymphs and LC50, LC90, and LT50 values were determined. Also, alive second instar nymphs to alive adults conversion ratio and fecundity in treated insect were determined as sublethal effects and compared with Palizin® vegetable soap, distilled water and control (without treatment). The results showed that nano-emulsion treatment containing all tested essential oils was the most efficaciouswith LC50=0.7454 mg/l, LC90=3.1208 mg/l, and LT50=15.92 h. Also, alive second instar nymphs conversion ratio to alive adults in this treatment was 80% and the mean number of eggs was 191.33 that was most efficacious. Afterwards, microemulsion treatment containing essential oils and extract had a acceptable effect. These two treatments were known as promising compounds in integrated management of this pest and further testing is required for commercialization of these compounds. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Botanical insecticide
  • sweet potato whitefly
  • Toxicity
  • bioassey
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