ارزیابی رهاسازی زنبور پارازیتوئید Trichogramma brassicaeبا سایر روش ها درکنترل کرم ساقه خوار نواری برنج (Chilo suppressalis) در شرایط مزرعه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران

چکیده

کرم ساقه­ خوار نواری برنج از آفات مهم برنج در استان­ ها­ی شمالی کشور محسوب می ­شود، که در تمام مراحل رشد گیاه از خزانه تا مزرعه، روی گیاه برنج دیده می ­شود و خسارت­هایی را از جنبه کیفی و کمی به محصول برنج وارد می­ کند. امروزه با گسترش مشکلات ناشی از اجرای کنترل شیمیایی، دیگر روش­ های مدیریت آفات به ویژه کنترل بیولوژیک از جایگاهی خاص در زراعت برنج برخوردار می­ باشند. بر همین اساس، تحقیق حاضر به منظور مطالعه نقش موثر یکی از عوامل کنترل بیولوژیک (زنبور تریکوگراما) در مقایسه با سایر روش­ های کنترل مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در این پژوهش، تاثیر پنج تیمار مختلف شامل کنترل بیولوژیک سه، دو و یک ساله، کنترل شیمیایی وکنترل زراعی به­ منظور کاهش جمعیت کرم ساقه ­خوار نواری برنج در شالیزار­های استان گیلان مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج این بررسی نشان داد که نوسان­ های جمعیت کرم ساقه‌­خوار نواری در تیمار بیولوژیک سه ساله، روند کاهشی و جمعیت دشمنان طبیعی آن روند افزایشی داشته است. علاوه براین، نتایج این تحقیق بیانگر آن است که میانگین تعداد دشمنان طبیعی جمع‌آوری شده در طول فصل زراعی درکنترل بیولوژیک سه، دو و یک ساله، زراعی و شیمیایی به‌ترتیب 679،589،469، 447 و 396 عدد بود. این مطالعه همچنین نشان داد که همه ­ی تیمار­ها به لحاظ سطح عملکردی با یکدیگر اختلاف معنی‌داری داشتند. بیشترین عملکرد در روش­ های کنترل بیوژیک سه ساله و شیمیایی به­ ترتیب 3677 و3650 کیلوگرم در هکتار مشاهده شد. براساس نتایج به دست آمده، رهاسازی دوبار زنبور تریکوگراما در هر نسل کرم ساقه ­خوار نواری برنج و طی سه سال متوالی، بیشترین تأثیر را نسبت به سایر روش ­های مورد استفاده در کنترل کرم ساقه­ خوار نواری برنج در شالیزار داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation releasing of parasitoid wasp Trichogramma brassicae with other methods for the control of rice striped stem borer (Chilo suppressalis) in field conditions

نویسنده [English]

  • F. Majidi-Shilsar
Rice Research Institute of Iran, Rasht (RRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The striped stem borer is a serious pest of rice in the northern provinces of Iran, which is found in all stages of its growth from nursery to paddy field. It causes qualitative and quantitative damage on rice. Nowday, with the expansion the development of problems due to chemical control, other methods of pests management especially biological controlhas a special place in agriculture is rice. Accordingly, in order to study one factor affecting the role of biological control agents (Tricogramma) compared to other control methods. In this research,five different treatments, including biological control three, two and one-year-old, chemical control and cultural controlto reduce the population of rice striped stem borerin two city of Guilan province were evaluated in paddy fields. The results showed that rice striped stem borer population flactuations in three-year of biological control had a decreasing trend and its natural enemies population hadan increasing trend.Furthermore, results of this study indicated that the average number of natural enemies collected during the season in biological control of three, two and one year old, cultural and chemical controls, 679, 589, 469, 447 and 396 number was, respectively. This study also showedthat all treatments in terms of yield levels had significantly different from each other. The highest yield on three-year biological and chemical control methods was observed. 3677 and 3650 kg per hectare, respectively.Based on the results obtained, two time release of Trichogramma in each generation of rice striped stem borer and during three consecutive years,hadthe highest effective compared to other methods used in the control of rice striped stem borer in paddy field.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chilo suppressalis
  • biological control
  • Cultural control
  • Chemical control
  • natural enemies
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