رقابت درون گونه ای مرحله لاروی نژادهای جنسی و غیرجنسی زنبور پارازیتوئید Lysiphlebus fabarum (Braconidae: Aphidiinae) در تخمریزی همزمان و متناوب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز

چکیده

در سوپرپارازیتیسم، میزبان بیش از یک بار توسط یک یا چند زنبور هم‌گونه پارازیته می‌شود، پدیده‌ای که منجر به رقابت بین نابالغین در بدن میزبان می‌شود. در مطالعه حاضر رقابت میان نژادهای جنسی و غیرجنسی زنبور پارازیتوئید Lysiphlebus fabarum (Marshall)(Braconidae: Aphidiinae) در معرفی همزمان و اولویت‌دار زنبورهای ماده مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. همچنین ویژگی‌های زیستی زنبورهای ظاهر شده ‌در رقابت بین دو نژاد مطالعه شد. به این منظور، هشت زنبور ماده از هر نژاد  به طور هم زمان و یا با اولویت زمانی 24 ساعت، به 40 پوره‌ی سن دوم شته سیاه باقلا، Aphis fabae Scopoli معرفی شدند. نتایج نشان داد که اولویت معرفی نژادها به طور معنی‌داری روی نتیجه‌ی رقابت نقش دارد. چنان‌چه هنگامی که ماده‌های هر یک از نژادها زودتر معرفی شدند، به طور معنی‌داری تعداد نتاج بیشتری از آن نژاد نیز ظاهر شد. با این حال، در شرایط معرفی همزمان، تعداد بیشتری از نتاج نژاد جنسی در مقایسه با غیرجنسی ظاهر شد. در نژاد جنسی، کوتاه‌ترین طول دوره رشدی نتاج هنگامی دیده شد که ماده‌های جنسی نسبت به ماده‌های غیرجنسی زودتر به شته‌های میزبان معرفی شده بودند. سایر ویژگی‌های مورفومتریک و زیستی مورد مطالعه شامل طول ساق پای عقب، عرض کپسول سر، اندازه تخمدان، تعداد تخمک و اندازه تخمک تحت تأثیر ترتیب تخم‌گذاری نژادها قرار نگرفت. یافته‌های پژوهش حاضر نشان می‌دهد که ماده‌های جنسی L. fabarum در رقابت با ماده­ های غیرجنسی موفق ­تر بودند و این برتری نسبی نژاد جنسی می‌تواند در شرایط محدودیت میزبان، اهمیتی دوچندان پیدا کند.           

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Intraspecific competition between the larval instars of sexual and asexual strains of the parasitoid wasp, Lysiphlebus fabarum (Braconidae: Aphidiinae), in the simultaneous and successive ovipositions

نویسندگان [English]

  • E. Mohseni
  • A. Rasekh
  • F. Kocheli
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

In superparasitism, a host is parasitized by one or more conspecific females, a phenomenon resulting in immature competition within the host’s body. In the present study, the competition between sexual and asexual strains of the parasitoid wasp, Lysiphlebus fabarum (Marshall) (Braconidae: Aphidiinae), was studied in simultaneous and successive introductions. The biological traits by both strains were determined in surviving individuals of superparasitized aphids as well. For this purpose, eight wasp females of each strain were introduced into 40 second instar of black bean aphid, Aphis fabae Scopoli, simultaneously or by a 24-hour priority. Our results revealed that the early introduction of each strain had a significant effect on the number of emerging adults of that strain. However, in simultaneous introduction, a greater number of sexual progeny emerged than asexual ones. The development time of sexual progeny was significantly decreased when their females were introduced earlier into the host aphids. Other morphological and biological traits (hind tibia length, head width, ovary area, egg load and egg size) of surviving individuals of superparasitized aphids were not affected by the oviposition sequence of the strains. The findings showed that sexual L. fabarum females were successful in competition with asexual females, the superiority of which could be more important in a host limitation conditions.    

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Aphis fabae
  • biological characteristics
  • larval competition
  • egg load
  • egg size
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