اثرات حشره کشی فرمولاسیون استیک اسانس پنج گونه گیاه دارویی علیه شپشه دندانه دار Oryzaephilus surinamensis و لمبه غلات، Trogoderma granarium

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 پژوهشکده کشاورزی، سازمان پژوهش‌های علمی و صنعتی ایران، تهران، ایران

2 مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی باریج، کاشان، ایران

چکیده

اسانس­ های برخی از گونه­ های گیاهی خواص حشر ه­کشی خوبی علیه آفات انباری، که یکی از مهم ­ترین عوامل خسارت­زای پس از برداشت مواد غذایی به شمار می‌آیند از خود نشان داده­اند. در این مطالعه اسانس گیاهان گلپر (Heracleum persicum)، آویشن (Thymus vulgaris)، اکالیپتوس (Eucalyptus globules)، نعناع فلفلی (Mentha piperita) و ژرانیوم (Pelargonium roseum) به صورت استیک­های 5/2 گرمی (10 درصد) فرموله شد و میزان تلفات، دورکنندگی و دوام اثر کشندگی آن­ ها روی دو گونه از آفات مهم انباری شامل شپشه دندانه ­دار، Oryzaephilus surinamensis، و لمبه غلات، Trogoderma granarium، در آزمایشگاه در دمای 1 ± 28 درجه سلسیوس و رطوبت نسبی 5 ± 70 درصد در شرایط تاریکی بررسی شد. نتایج حاصل نشان داد که در میان گیاهان مختلف استیک ژرانیوم وگلپر کم­ترین اثر کشندگی و نعناع فلفلی و آویشن بیشترین تاثیر کشندگی را به ویژه روی شپشه دندانه دار داشته ­اند. بالاترین اثر دورکنندگی در نعناع فلفلی و اکالیپتوس روی شپشه دندانه ­دار مشاهده شد (به­ ترتیب 94 و 6/91 درصد)، در حالی­ که دورکنندگی ژرانیوم روی هر دو گونه آفت زیر 20 درصد مشاهده شد. دوام کشندگی استیک ­ها در مقایسه با اسانس خالص گیاهان تفاوت معنی ­داری داشت، به طوری­ که از روز چهارم تا پایان هفته هشتم میزان تلفات به طور تقریبی ثابت بود، در حالی­ که دوام اسانس­ های خالص پس از 2-3 هفته به شدت کاهش یافت که نشان­ دهنده رهایش آهسته اسانس در فرمولاسیون استیک می­ باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Insecticidal effects of stick formulation of five medicine plants essential oils against sawtoothed grain beetle, Oryzaephilus surinamensis and the khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Atapour 1
  • A. Bolandnazar 2
  • M. R. Memarzadeh 2
1 Institute of Agriculture, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
2 Barij Medicinal Plants Research Centre, Kashan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Essential oils of some plant species have shown suitable insecticidal properties against stored-product pests, which are one of the main factorsaffectingpost-harvestfoodlosses. In this study mortality, repellent effects and durability of fumigant toxicity of the formulated essential oils of golpar (Heracleum persicum), thyme (Thymus vulgaris), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globules), peppermint (Mentha piperita) and rosageranium (Pelargonium roseum) as 2.5 gr sticks (10%), were studied on two important pests of stored products, Oryzaephilus surinamensis and Trogoderma granarium in laboratory at 28 ± 1 °C, 70 ± 5 % RH and dark condition. The results showed that sticks of rosageranium and golpar had the lowest toxicity and sticks of peppermint and thyme had the highest toxicity effects especially on O. surinamensis. The highest repellency effect was observed in peppermint and eucalyptus on O. surinamensis (94 and 91/6 % respectively) while repellency of rosageranium sticks was observed below 20% on both pests. Sticks durability in comparison with pure essential oils of plants was significantly different so that from the fourth day by the end of the eighth week the mortality rate was approximately constant while the durability of pure essential oils decreased after 2-3 weeks represents the slow-releasing of essential oils in stick formulation. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • essential oils
  • stick formulation
  • fumigant toxicity
  • repellent effects
  • Durability
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