واکنش تابعی و تداخل کنه شکارگر (Neoseiulus californicus (Acari: Phytoseiidae با تغذیه از لارو تریپس غربی گل روی چند رقم تجاری توت فرنگی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 بخش تحقیقات جانورشناسی کشاورزی، موسسه تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران ، ایران

2 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 بخش تحقیقات حشره‌شناسی کشاورزی، موسسه تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران ، ایران.

چکیده

کنه Neoseiulus californicusاز شکارگرهای موثر در کنترل کنه­ های تارتن است. واکنش تابعی ماده­ های جفت­گیری­ کرده سه روزه با تغذیه از تراکم­ های مختلف لارو تریپس Frankliniella occidentallis (1، 2، 4، 8 و 16) روی هفت رقم تجاری توت ­فرنگی (سیکوا، چاندلر، کامروسا، ماراک، آلیسو، یالوا و گاویتا) و تداخل شکارگری در تراکم­های (2،1، 4، 8 و 16) از کنه شکارگر در تراکم ثابت از شکار (40 عدد لارو تریپس) مطالعه شد. این آزمون­ ها روی دیسک ­های برگی در شرایط آزمایشگاهی (دمای1±27 درجه سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی% 5±70 و دوره نوری 16 ساعت روشنایی و 8 ساعت تاریکی) بررسی شد. واکنش تابعی روی هفت رقم مورد آزمون از نوع دوم و آماره­ های واکنش تابعی با استفاده از معادله راجرز به­ دست آمد. قدرت جستجوگری و زمان دستیابی روی رقم­ های توت­ فرنگی، سیکوا (به ترتیب 01/0 بر ساعت، 77/4 ساعت)، چاندلر (03/0 بر ساعت، 37/4 ساعت)، کامروسا (03/0 بر ساعت، 49/5 ساعت)، ماراک (03/0 بر ساعت، 49/5 ساعت)، آلیسو (02/0 بر ساعت، 91/4 ساعت)، یالوا (05/0 بر ساعت، 54/4 ساعت) و گاویتا (02/0 بر ساعت، 65/4 ساعت) برآورد شد. توانایی کنه شکارگر در شکار لارو تریپس روی رقم­ چاندلر و یالوا بیشتر از سایر رقم­ ها بود. تراکم کمتر تریکوم روی این رقم­ ها نسبت به سایر رقم ­های مورد آزمون و ترکیبات شیمیایی ثانویه می ­تواند از دلایل این اختلاف باشد. ارتباط معنی­ داری بین لگاریتم تراکم شکارگر و لگاریتم قدرت جستجوی سرانه (محاسبه شده با معادله نیکلسون) وجود داشت. میزان شکارگری کنه شکارگر با افزایش تراکم تریپس و کاهش تراکم شکارگر افزایش می­یابد. نتایج اهمیت بررسی ویژگی­های گیاهان میزبان را در استفاده بهینه از کنه شکارگر در کنترل آفات نشان می ­دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Functional response and predation interference of Neoseiulus californicus )Acari: Phytoseiidae) feeding on the western flower thrips larvae on several commercial strawberry cultivars

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Rezaie 1 2
  • V. Baniamerie 3
  • A. Saboori 2
1 Zoology Research Department, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO). Tehran, Iran|Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Zoology Research Department, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO). Tehran, Iran|Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Agricultural Entomology Research Department, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

   Neoseiulus californicus is an effective predatory mite to control of the spider mites. The functional response of three-day old mated female feeding on densities of Frankliniella occidentalis larvae (1,2,4,8 and 16) was studied on seven commercial strawberry cultivars (‘Sequoia’, ‘Chandler’, ‘Camarosa’, ‘Marak’, ‘Aliso’, ‘Yalova’ and ‘Gaviota’) and predation interference of this predator in (1,2,4,8 and 16) densities of the predatory mites on constant density of prey (40 larvae of thrips) were studied. These tests were conducted under laboratory condition (27±1˚C, 16L: 8D photoperiod and 70-80% RH). The predatory mite exhibited type Π on seven strawberry cultivars tested with Rogers equation. The attack coefficient and handling time were estimated on different strawberry cultivars (on ‘Sequioa (0.01, 4.77 hours), on ‘Chandler (0.03, 4.37 hours), ‘Camarosa’ (0.03, 5.49 hours), ‘Marak’ (0.03, 5.16 hours), ‘Aliso’ (0.02, 4.91 hours), ‘Yalova’ (0.05, 4.54 hours) and ‘Gaviota’ (0.02, 4.65 hours). The predatory mite ability in predation on F. occidentalis larvae on ‘Chandler’ and ‘Yalova’ were more than the other tested cultivars. It may be due to less trichome density on these cultivars or secondary chemical compounds. The relationship of logarithm of predator density and the logarithm of per capita searching efficiency was significant. The rate of predation increased as the host density increased and the predator decreased. These results emphasize the importance of the host plant characteristic for optimizing the predatory mite use in biological control of pests.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Predatory mite
  • biological control
  • Phytoseiid mites
  • Western flower thrips
  • strawberry

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تحقیقات آفات گیاهی
دوره 6، شماره 4
اسفند 1395
صفحه 1-15

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 23 اسفند 1395
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