تأثیر محلول‌پاشی خیار با کود Fosfalim-k بر برخی از صفات گیاه میزبان و پارامترهای زیستی کنه تارتن دولکه‌ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران

چکیده

مدیریت تلفیقی آفات، ترکیبی از روش‌های مختلف کنترل برای نگه داشتن جمعیت آفات زیر آستانه زیان اقتصادی است که یکی از این روش‌ها، ایجاد مقاومت در گیاه علیه آفات است. عوامل مختلفی نظیر مصرف کودها، آبیاری به موقع و ایجاد شرایط بهینه برای گیاه روی مقاومت آن نسبت به آفات تأثیرگذار است. به منظور بررسی امکان ایجاد مقاومت در خیار در مقابل کنه تارتن دولکه‌ای از طریق محلول‌پاشی دو عنصر پتاسیم و فسفر، جدول زندگی این کنه روی خیار رقم کیش مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت و کود فسفالیم-کا که حاوی هر دو عنصر پتاسیم و فسفراست، با چهار غلظت 0، 1، 10 و 30 میلی‌لیتر بر لیتر در سه نوبت محلول‌پاشی شد. تاثیر کود بر صفات گیاه میزبان شامل وزن تر و خشک، پروتئین کل، کلروفیل، کاروتنوئید، میزان فعالیت آنزیم‌های آسکوربات پراکسیداز، گایاکول پراکسیداز و کاتالاز مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. جدول زندگی دوجنسی ویژه سن-مرحله زیستی کنه با استفاده از برنامه TWOSEX-MSChart تجزیه و تحلیل شد. غلظت 30 میلی‌لیتر بر لیتر سبب ایجاد گیاهسوزی در میزبان شد و از نتایج حذف شد. نتایج نشان داد که آنزیم‌های کاتالاز، آسکوربات پراکسیداز و رنگدانه کاروتنوئید در پاسخ به محلول پاشی کود (غلظت 10 میلی‌لیتر بر لیتر) به طور معنی‌داری افزایش یافت. وزن تر، خشک و کلروفیل برگ‌ها هم تحت تأثیر این غلظت از کود کاهش یافت. برخی از پارامترهای جدول زندگی کنه تارتن دولکه‌ای، شامل λ، R0 و rدر غلظت 10 میلی‌لیتر بر لیتر کاهش معنی‌داری را نسبت به شاهد نشان داد. بنابراین، محلول‌پاشی گیاه خیار با کود فسفالیم-کا می‌تواند سبب کاهش زنده‌مانی و زادآوری کنه تارتن دولکه‌ای شود و بهترین غلظت آن، 10 میلی‌لیتر بر لیتر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Fosfalim-k foliar spray in cucumber on some characteristics of host plant and life table parameters of two-spotted spider mite

نویسندگان [English]

  • S. Khodayari
  • F. Abedini
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Iran
چکیده [English]

IPM is a combination of crop protection practices to keep pests below economic threshold, and one of them is to make the host plants resistant. Various parameters such as the application of fertilizers, irrigation and providing optimum conditions for host plant can benefit its resistance to pests. In order to induce resistance on cucumber (Kish var.), the foliar spray of phosphorus and potassium were incorporated for observing the Tetranychus urticae performance. Therefore, four Fosfalim-k concentrations (i.e. 0, 1, 10 and 30 ml L-1) were sprayed on cucumber (Kish var.) in three time intervals and the life table parameters of T. urticae were studied in the laboratory conditions. The measured plant characteristics included fresh and dry mass, total protein, chlorophyll, carotenoid and the activity of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, APX and GPX). The age-stage, two-sex life table parameters of T. urticae were analyzed using TWOSEX-MSChart software. The 30 ml L-1 concentration caused plant defoliation and was deleted from results. The results showed that CAT and APX enzymes activity and carotenoid concentration were significantly increased while fresh and dry mass and chlorophyll concentration were decreased in response to 10 ml L-1Fosfalim-k. In the studied life table parameters of T. urticae, λ, R0 and r parameters were decreased significantly in this concentration. Hence, spraying cucumber with Fosfalim-k can decrease survival and fecundity of T. urticae and the suggested concentration could be 10 ml L-1.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Tetranychus urticae
  • cucumber
  • plant nutrition
  • two-sex life table
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