بررسی اثر مادری دما بر القای دیاپوز در زنبور پارازیتویید Trichogramma brassicae غیرآلوده و آلوده به باکتریWolbachia

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 بخش حشره شناسی، گروه گیاه پزشکی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران

2 بخش حشره‌شناسی، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

در این تحقیق اثر مادری دما به عنوان یک عامل اکولوژیک محیطی و نیز اثر آلودگی به ولباخیا به عنوان یک عامل ژنتیکی-درونی بر درصد دیاپوز زنبور پارازیتویید Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae) مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. نسل مادری دو جمعیت آلوده به باکتری ولباخیا (تک­جنسی) و غیرآلوده (دوجنسی) T. brassicaeدر دو دمای 14 و 20 درجه سلسیوس به صورت جداگانه پرورش یافت. یک روز پس از اوج خروج حشرات کامل نسل مادری، 40 زنبور ماده تک ­جنسی و 40 زنبور ماده دوجنسی جفت­گیری کرده (هر دو یک­ روزه و آماده تخم­گذاری) به­ طور جداگانه در لوله های آزمایش شیشه­ ای قرار داده شدند. کارت­ های مقوایی حاوی 100 عدد تخم میزبان شش ساعته، Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lep.: Pyralidae)، در اختیار ماده­ های تخم­گذار تا زمان مرگ آن­ ها قرار داده شد. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده از این تحقیق، آلودگی به ولباخیا و دمای پرورش نسل مادری دارای اثر معنی­ دار بر درصد دیاپوز بود، به طوری­ که افزایش دمای پرورش نسل مادری (دمای 20 درجه سلسیوس) منجر به افزایش درصد دیاپوز در مقایسه با دمای پایین­ تر (14 درجه سلسیوس) شد. درصد دیاپوز در جمعیت دوجنسی بیش از جمعیت تک­ جنسی بود که این امر نشان ­دهنده اثر منفی آلودگی به ولباخیا بر درصد دیاپوز این پارازیتویید است. احتمالاً حضور باکتری ولباخیا سبب از بین رفتن قسمتی از انرژی مورد نیاز جهت مقاومت زنبور پارازیتویید در برابر دمای پایین می­ شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The maternal effect of temperature on diapause induction in Wolbachia-infected and uninfected Trichogramma brassicae

نویسندگان [English]

  • S. Rahimi Kaldeh 1
  • A. Ashouri 2
  • A. Bandani 2
  • S. A. Modarres Hasani 2
1 Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

In present study, the maternal effect of temperature as an ecologic factor and the effect of Wolbachia infection as an inner-genetic factor on diapause percentage of Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae) were investigated. Maternal generation of both infected (asexual) and uninfected (sexual) populations were reared separately at 14 and 20°C. After maximum adult emergence (24 hours), asexual females and sexual-mated females (both 24h old) were separately selected and placed in glass test tubes. Each of them were supplied with a cardboard which included 100 eggs of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lep.: Pyralidae) (6 hours old). The results revealed that Wolbachia infection and rearing temperature of maternal generation had significant effect on diapause percentage of T. brassicae. When rearing temperature increased, the diapause percentage had increased too. Diapause percentage in uninfected (sexual) population was higher than infected (asexual) ones which show the negative effect of Wolbachia infection. Probably, presence of Wolbachia causes energy reduction in facing low temperature. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Diapause
  • Parasitoid
  • Temperature
  • Trichogramma brassicae
  • Wolbachia
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