جدول زندگی دوجنسی سن (Nysius cymoides (Spinola)(Hem.: Lygaeidae در دوره های مختلف نوری در شرایط آزمایشگاهی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

2 گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشگاه گنبدکاووس، گنبدکاووس، ایران

3 موسسه تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران،

چکیده

شاخص­ های جدول زندگی برای مقایسة سازگاری یک جمعیت نسبت به شرایط محیطی و تغذیه ­ای مناسب­ترین معیار هستند. در این پژوهش اثرات سه دوره نوری مختلف 8:16، 12: 12 و 8: 16 ساعت (تاریکی: روشنایی) در شرایط آزمایشگاهی (دمای 1±24 درجة سلسیوس و رطوبت نسبی 5±65 درصد) بر پارامترهای جدول زندگی سن Nysius cymoides مطالعه شد. نتایج به دست آمده بر اساس نظریه جدول زندگی دوجنسی ارزیابی شد. طول دوره نابالغ در تیمارهای نوری 12 و 8 ساعت روشنایی نسبت به تیمار 16 ساعت روشنایی کوتاه ­تر بود. دوره­ های قبل از تخمگذاری حشرات کامل (APOP)، مجموع طول دوره قبل از تخمگذاری (TPOP)، میانگین باروری و طول عمر حشرات کامل در سه تیمار نوری اختلاف معنی­ داری نشان دادند. بیشترین (7/56 تخم) و کمترین (1/10 تخم) زادآوری به ­ترتیب در تیمارهای 12 و 8 ساعت روشنایی بود. در تیمارهای 8، 12 و 16 ساعت روشنایی نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت (r) به ­ترتیب 004/0±011/0، 003/0±044/0 و 003/0±039/0 (بر روز) و نرخ خالص تولید مثل(R0)  به­ ترتیب 52/0±02/2، 65/2±02/13 و 12/2±41/11 (نتاج ماده برفرد) به­ دست آمد. میانگین طول یک نسل (T)، 26/1±11/56، 53/1±16/57 و 41/1±32/62 روز به ترتیب در 8، 12 و 16 ساعت روشنایی بود. امید زندگی (exj)، نرخ بقا (sxj) و نرخ تولیدمثل تجمعی (Rx) در 12 و 16 ساعت روشنایی نسبت به 8 ساعت روشنایی بیشتر بود. به­ طور کلی دوره­های نوری 12 و 16 ساعت روشنایی شرایط مناسب­ تری را برای پرورش سن N. Cymoides در مقایسه با دورة نوری 8 ساعت روشنایی فراهم کردند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Two-sex life table of Nysius cymoides (Spinola) (Hem.: Lygaeidae) at different photoperiods under laboratory conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Mollashahi 1 2
  • A. Sahragard 1
  • J. Mohaghegh 3
  • R. Hosseini 1
  • H. Sabouri 2
1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran|Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Gonbad University, Iran
2 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran|Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Gonbad University, Iran
3 Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection (IRIPP), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The life table parameters are the most appropriate index for comparing the fitness of a population to diverse climatic and food-related conditions. In this study, the effect of three photoperiods of 8:16, 12:12 and 16:8 h (L:D) on the life table parameters of Nysius cymoides was studied under laboratory conditions (24±1ºC, 65±5% RH). Data were analyzed based on the age-stage, two-sex life table theory. Immature developmental times of N. cymoides under 12-and 8h photoperiods were significantly shorter than that of treatment with 16h photoperiod. The adult pre-oviposition period (APOP), total pre-oviposition period (TPOP), mean fecundity and adult longevity reared under three photoperiods showed significant differences. The highest and lowest fecundity were 56.65 eggs and 10.1 eggs at 12- and 8h photoperiods, respectively. Intrinsic rates of increase (r) were 0.011 ± 0.004, 0.044 ± 0.003 and 0.039 ± 0.003 (day-1) at 8-, 12- and 16h (L), respectively; and net reproductive rates (R0) were 2.02 ± 0.52, 13.02 ± 2.65 and 11.41± 2.12 (offspring per individual) for the respective treatments. The mean generation times (T) were 56.11 ± 1.26, 57.16 ± 1.53 and 62.32± 1.41 days, at 8-, 12- and 16h (L), respectively. The life expectancy (exj), survival rate (sxj) and cumulative reproductive rate (Rx) at 12-and 16h (L) were higher than those of 8h photoperiod. Generally, 12- and 16h photoperiods were more reasonable for N. cymoides rearing comparing with 8h photoperiod.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • two-sex life table
  • Nysius cymoides
  • photoperiod
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