بررسی پراکنش پهنه ای و نمونه برداری دنباله ای با دقت ثابت از مراحل نابالغ سن گندم (Eurygaster integriceps Put. (Hem.: Scutelleridae در مزارع گندم دیم با استفاده از کادر یک دهم مترمربع

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار پژوهش، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی لرستان- پردیس بروجرد

چکیده

سن گندم .Eurygaster integriceps Put مهم ­ترین حشره خسارت­ زا در ایران می­ باشد که از برگ، ساقه و دانه گندم تغذیه نموده و موجب کاهش محصول از نظر کمی و کیفی می­ شود. استفاده از کادر در نمونه ­برداری­ ها از جمله قدیمی ­ترین روش­ها در پژوهش­های زیست­بوم می­باشد. طی سال‌های 1383 و 1384 پراکنش پهنه ­ای و مدل‌‌های نمونه‌گیری دنباله‌ای با دقت ثابت برای مراحل نابالغ این آفت با استفاده از کادر 1/0 مترمربع در مزارع گندم دیم شهرستان بروجرد مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. بر اساس مقادیر ضریب تبیین به دست آمده از محاسبات رگرسیونی، شاخص تایلور نسبت به شاخص آیواو برازش بهتری نشان داد. وجود اختلاف معنی‌دار آماری بین شاخص b تایلور با عدد یک، نشان‌دهنده­ ی تجمعی بودن پراکنش مراحل نابالغ سن گندم در مزارع گندم دیم است. به منظور تخمین جمعیت این آفت در مزرعه، مدل‌های نمونه‌گیری دنباله‌ای با دقت ثابت به روش گرین (Green) با سه سطح دقت 1/0، 15/0 و 25/0 ارایه شد. سپس اعتبار این ‌مدل‌ها با استفاده از 7-9 سری از داده‌های جداگانه مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. در این مدل‌ در سطح دقت 25/0 (دقت قابل پذیرش در برنامه‌های مدیریت تلفیقی، (IPM، به منظور نمونه‌گیری از جمعیت سنین دو، سه، چهار و مجموع سن پنج و حشره بالدار نسل جدید، به­ ترتیب به طور متوسط به تعداد 62، 87، 67 و 25 کادر نیاز خواهد بود. با افزایش سطح دقت به 1/0، این تعداد به­ ترتیب به 320، 358، 325 و 145 نمونه افزایش یافت. استفاده از این مدل­ ها می ­تواند مدیریت موثر و کارآمدی را برای سن گندم در مزارع گندم دیم فراهم آورده و زمان و هزینه نمونه­ برداری را کاهش دهد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Spatial distribution and fixed precision sequential sampling plan of sunn pest (Eurygaster integriceps Put.) immature stages in rainfed wheat fields using 0.1 m2 quadrate size

نویسنده [English]

  • A. Mohiseni
Lorestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Borujerd Campus
چکیده [English]

The sunn Pest, Eurygaster integriceps Put. (Heteroptera: Scutelleridae) is the most important harmful insect in Iran, that feed on the leaf, stem and seed of wheat and reduce the quantity and quality of the crop. The method of quadrat sampling is among the oldest techniques in ecology. During 2004 and 2005, spatial distribution and fixed precision sequential sampling plans of Sunn pest immature stages by use of quadrate size 0.1m2 were investigated in rainfed wheat fields in Borujerd north of lorestan province, Iran. Based on R2 of regression, the Taylor's Power Law model provided a more adequate description of variance-mean relationships and Taylor's b were significantly >1 for all insect stages, indicating that immature stages of sunn pest were aggregated in rainfed wheat fields. Green's fixed-precision sequential sampling plan was designed for estimating immature stages of pestdensity at three fixed precision levels (0.1, 0.15 and 0.25), then these models were validated using 7-9 independent data. To achieve a precision of 0.25 in Green's model, which is generally accepted in integrated pest management, IPM programs, it is necessary to take samples for 2nd, 3rd, 4th instars and the total number of 5th instar plus new winged insect with an average sample numbers (ASN) of 62, 87, 67 and 25, respectively. As the precision level was increased to 0.10, average sample sizes increased to 320, 358, 325 and 145, respectively. Use of these models can provide an effective management of sunn pest E. integriceps in rainfed wheat fields and minimize sampling time and cost.  

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • dispersion
  • quadrate
  • Sampling
  • Eurygaster integriceps
  • Wheat

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تحقیقات آفات گیاهی
دوره 6، شماره 4
اسفند 1395
صفحه 31-48

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 23 اسفند 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 23 اسفند 1395

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