Comparison of the effect of proteinaceous extracts of three plant species on alpha amylase activity of the Sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps
V.
Rahimi
author
A.
Bandani
author
text
article
2012
per
Sun pest (Eurygaster integriceps Puton (Coleoptera: Scutelleridae) is one of the most important pests of wheat and barley that feeds on grains. So, this pest lives in carbohydrate-rich environment and its survival depends on carbohydrase enzymes. α-Amylase plays an important role in the Sun pest digestion. The aim of the current research was to study the effects of proteinaceous extracts of bean, rice and chickpea seeds on α-amylase activity. So, the proteinaceous extractions of the seeds were extracted using 0.1 M Sodium chloride. The extractions were tested on α-amylase activity at 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg of proteins/ml in In vitro conditions. The results showed that the bean and chickpea extracts were effective on α-amylase activity and their effects were dose-dependent meaning that with increasing of the dose, inhibition of the enzyme increases. For example, at the lowest dose (0.125 mg of proteins/ml), the bean and chickpea extracts inhibited 5 and 20% of the amylase activity, respectively. While at the highest dose (2 mg of proteins/ml) the inhibitory effects was 30 and 40%, respectively. Rice seed extraction did not produce any significant effect on α-amylase activity. These data showed that the proteinaceous extractions of chickpea and bean have the good potential for inhibition of sun pest α-amylase.
Plant Pest Research
University of Guilan
2322-2409
2
v.
3
no.
2012
1
11
https://iprj.guilan.ac.ir/article_1169_933b74b26f8a756ce1175f0c9532f730.pdf
Introduction and identification key for three elm bark beetle species in Guilan province
S.
Amini
author
R.
Hosseini
author
text
article
2012
per
For identification and morphological investigation on elm bark beetles species during 2011, sampling was carried out on weaken trees in central area of Guilan province. A total of three species Scolytus pygmaeus (Fabricius, 1787), S. ecksteini (Butovitsch1929) and S. ensifer (Eichhoff, 1881) were identified. Morphological index (spine on the lower margin of abdominal segment) which is an important character for identification of different species in the genus Scolytus was compared in identified species. The Results indicated that Scolytus pygmaeus and Scolytus ensifer are the most and the least abundant species, respectively. A key also was provided for identification of species.
Plant Pest Research
University of Guilan
2322-2409
2
v.
3
no.
2012
13
20
https://iprj.guilan.ac.ir/article_1170_f91e3edf98665d04b881f9715ed72fd2.pdf
Effect of host variety on some biological characteristics of the cowpea beetle
M.
Zamani
author
J.
Shakarami
author
A.
Ansari pour
author
text
article
2012
per
Cowpea beetle (Callosobruchus maculatus) is one of the most important pests which damages quantity and quality of pulses including: beans, peas, vetches, lentils, etc. The effect of host variety was investigated on some biological characteristics of the pest including oviposition rate, adult emergence percent, adult weight and life duration. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design with five replications. Experiment was carried out at 30 ± 2 ˚C and 60 ± 5% R. H. under dark condition. The results showed that the maximum oviposition cowpea cultivar Parastou (140.8±3.7 eggs) and minimum on Pinto bean cultivar Khomein (50.34±3.65 eggs) despite the pest lay eggs on pinto bean cultivar Shad, pinto bean cultivar Khomein and red bean cultivar Goli no adults were emergence from the seed on these hosts. The most adult emergence occurred on cowpea and vetch. According to the results, the emerged adult female in cowpea (0.0426±1.22 g) and soybean (0.0154±0.24 g) has the highest and lowest weight, respectively. The maximum and minimum life duration of pest were observed on cowpea (24.2±0.2 day) and soybean (35.6±0.2 day), respectively.
Plant Pest Research
University of Guilan
2322-2409
2
v.
3
no.
2012
21
28
https://iprj.guilan.ac.ir/article_1171_34d2cdc7ebb63aec0ebf0f9fd35cb786.pdf
Identification of hemocytes in carob moth, Ectomoyelois ceratoniae Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvae
R.
Khosravi
author
J.
Jalali Sendi
author
V.
Ghasemi
author
text
article
2012
per
Insects use humoral and cellular immune responses against attack of pathogens and parasitoids. Insect hemocytes have important roles in immune systems with diverse forms and activities. The identification of hemocytes and knowledge of their population could help us for better controlling of the respective insect pest. In this research the hemocytes of Carob moth Ectomoyelois ceratoniae in five larval instars were examined using optical and scanning electron microscopy. Giemsa staining was used to identify these cells. Five identified types of hemocytes in this insect were; Prohemocyte, plasmatocyte (with several morphological forms), granulocytes, spherulocytes, and oenocytoids. All hemocytes types were detected in each larval instar. Mitotic divisions were observed among plasmatocyte, prohemocyte and spherolucytes. Total hemocyte counts in different instars showed that THC increases with increase in larval instars. Differential counts of hemocytes revealed that granulocytes and plasmatocytes are most abundant in all stages of larvae except in first instar larva.
Plant Pest Research
University of Guilan
2322-2409
2
v.
3
no.
2012
29
39
https://iprj.guilan.ac.ir/article_1172_d8832167eefea37317002b9798fad0f3.pdf
Attractiveness of some chemicals for jujube fruit fly, Carpomyia vesuviana Costa (Diptera. Tephritidae) in Birjand
G.
Tavakkoli Korghond
author
H.
Mahmoudi
author
text
article
2012
per
The jujube fruit fly, Carpomyia vesuviana Costa (Dip. Tephritidae) is the most important pest of jujube (Ziziphus jujube Mill). This study was carried out in order to suggest a new solution to chemical pesticides, using some chemical solutions containing Protein Hydrolyzate (PH), Ammonium Bicarbonate (AB), Borax (Bo.), Ammonium Sulfate (AS), total combination (including PH + Bo. + AS and AB) in concentration (3%) as attractants. Significant differences between treatments was observed at 1% level for jujube fruit fly attraction. The highest and lowest capture of jujube fruit fly were recorded in total combination and in control (34.5 and 1.5), respectively. Bo. with mean of 19.0 and PH, AB and AS, respectively, with means of 1.5, 2.0 and 4.5 were placed in other groups. There was a high significant difference between treatments at 1% for attraction of Green lacewing (Chrysoperla carnea). The maximum and minimum were recorded for total combination and PH treatments (22.0 and 4.0) respectively. Also the highest and lowest FTD were obtained for total combination and control treatments and the highest and lowest ITD were recorded for BA and PH treatments, respectively. In total, adding borax (3%) to sugar beet molasses and other ammine having materials as a new method in combination with other functional and sustainable methods for jujube fruit fly control is recommended.
Plant Pest Research
University of Guilan
2322-2409
2
v.
3
no.
2012
41
50
https://iprj.guilan.ac.ir/article_1173_ca1447a353f0e653b22f34b24795c476.pdf
Effect of imidacloprid and pirimicarb on functional response of Aphidius matricariae Haliday (Hym: Braconidae) under laboratory conditions
N.
Amini Jam
author
F.
Kocheyli
author
M. S.
Mossadegh
author
A.
Rasekh
author
M.
Saber
author
text
article
2012
per
Study of natural enemies responses to different densities of hosts, is one of the most important criteria that can be used to select a suitable natural enemy in biological control programs. On the other hand, application of insecticides to pest’s controls may affect the behavioral responses such as functional response as well as efficiency of natural enemy. In this research, effect of imidacloprid and pirimicarb was studied on functional response of Aphidius matricariae (Haliday) to densities of 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 of third instar nymphs of Aphis gossypii (Glover) under laboratory conditions (25±1 0C, 65±5% R.H. and 16:8 (L:D) h). Mated females (< 12 h old) were exposed to LC25 of mentioned insecticides and distilled water as control in glass tubes. Experiments were conducted in 10 replicates. Functional response type was determined using logistic regression and the parameters, were estimated by non-linear regression using SAS program. Functional response on control and insecticides treatments fitted the type II. Attack rate (a) in control and insecticides treatments were estimated 0.0645, 0.0373 and 0.0452 h-1 and handling time (Th) were 0.4607, 0.8873 and 0.6292 h, respectively. The maximum attach rate (T/Th) was calculated 52.09, 27.05 and 38.14, respectively. The results indicated that pirimicarb had the lowest effect on handling time of A. matricariae in comparison with imidacloprid.
Plant Pest Research
University of Guilan
2322-2409
2
v.
3
no.
2012
51
61
https://iprj.guilan.ac.ir/article_1174_d9d578d4fd6fec402a8eb404e4becd46.pdf
Faunestic investigation on important pests of Ahwaz's urban green landscape
A.
Rajabpour
author
F.
Yarahmadi
author
A. A.
Seraj
author
text
article
2012
per
Important pest fauna of various plants of Ahwaz's green landscape was studied during 2009-2012. Samplings were performed from different parts of the plants, e.g., leaf and flower, branch and trunk and roots. Totally, 18 species from different orders of arthropods were identified as important pests. Chrysobothris affinis Mén and Papilio sp. were collected for first time on their new host plant.
Plant Pest Research
University of Guilan
2322-2409
2
v.
3
no.
2012
63
66
https://iprj.guilan.ac.ir/article_1175_344082f10fbf761d60790e2010183c97.pdf
Disinfection possibility of garlic clove (Allium sativum L.) by hot water against dry bulb mite, Aceria tulipae
H.
Kamali
author
E.
Torabi
author
H.
Torabi
author
D.
Kamali
author
text
article
2012
per
One of the stored and farm pest of garlic is, Aceria tulipae (Keifer), 1938. This mite causes brown spots on garlic clove tissue which leading to hollow them. In 2008-2009 an experiment designed to investigate the possibility ofusing the hot water for garlic cloves disinfection in North Khorasan Province. Based on these results, most effect was obtained at the temperature 45, 40, 35 and 30 ° C and at 20, 15, 10 and 5 minutes respectively. However, based on energy saving, time and less risk of damage to the seed embryos s, warm water of 35 °C for 20 minutes or warm water of 40 °C for 15 minutes are recommended.
Plant Pest Research
University of Guilan
2322-2409
2
v.
3
no.
2012
67
70
https://iprj.guilan.ac.ir/article_1176_ad2e2c438fa0b8e166d084a9e328e2ef.pdf